Treatment of a pelvic arteriovenous malformation by stent graft placement combined with sclerotherapy

We present a 64-year-old woman with left leg swelling for 1 year. Computed tomography imaging showed a large pelvic arteriovenous malformation that consisted of multiple fine shunts between the left internal iliac artery and the long segment of the left external iliac vein. A stent graft was inserted within the left external iliac vein to occlude the arteriovenous shunts with consecutive transarterial sclerotherapy using absolute ethanol. This resulted in complete resolution of the pelvic arteriovenous malformation. To our knowledge, this is the first reported case of stent graft insertion within a large vein for treating arteriovenous malformation.