Abstract
Recent advances in electrochemical desalination techniques have paved way for utilization of saline water. In particular, capacitive deionization (CDI) enables removal of salts with high energy efficiency and economic feasibility, while its applicability has been challenged by degradation of carbon electrodes in long-term operations. Herein, we report a thorough investigation on the surface electrochemistry of carbon electrodes and Faradaic reactions that are responsible for stability issues of CDI systems. By using bare and membrane CDI (MCDI) as model systems, we identified various electrochemical reactions of carbon electrodes with water or oxygen, with thermodynamics and kinetics governed by the electrode potential and pH. As a result, a complete overview of the Faradaic reactions taking place in CDI was constructed by tracing the physicochemical changes occurring in CDI and MCDI systems.
Original language | English |
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Pages (from-to) | 12602-12612 |
Number of pages | 11 |
Journal | Environmental Science and Technology |
Volume | 56 |
Issue number | 17 |
DOIs | |
State | Published - 6 Sep 2022 |
Bibliographical note
Publisher Copyright:© 2022 American Chemical Society. All rights reserved.
Keywords
- Faradaic reaction
- capacitive deionization
- carbon
- desalination
- electrochemistry