Social Ecology of Bullying and Peer Victimization of Latino and Asian Youth in the United States: A Review of the Literature

Existing research on bullying and peer victimization among school-age youth focuses on identifying risk and protective factors, developing interventions, and assessing outcomes to address this pervasive problem. This article reviews research on bullying and victimization of Latino and Asian youth. The review suggests that risk and protective factors associated with bullying among Latino and Asian youth might differ considerably from their mainstream peer groups that are often the focus of bullying research. This article examines the macrosystem- (immigration, poverty), exosystem-, and microsystem-level factors (family environment, peers, and school environment), along with ontogenetic factors that are related to bullying involvement among Latino and Asian youth in the United States. It also highlights the need for further investigation into the bullying experiences of Latino and Asian youth, and advocates for the development of culturally relevant interventions.