Risk and Protective Factors for Homophobic Bullying in Schools: An Application of the Social-Ecological Framework

Jun Sung Hong, James Garbarino

Research output: Contribution to journalReview articlepeer-review

120 Scopus citations

Abstract

Homophobic bullying is a serious concern for students, parents, teachers, and school officials. This article reviews evidence on the status of this problem and how it may be addressed in a multilevel and multidisciplinary manner growing out of a social-ecological perspective on homophobic bullying as a social phenomenon. The ecological framework developed by Urie Bronfenbrenner (1977, 1979) is applied to organize this effort, which includes micro-, exo-, and macro-systems in which behavior and development are embedded. The inherent fluidity of experience postulated by Bronfenbrenner's ecological approach offers hope that as practices and policy to promote diversity move forward, they will reshape the social ecology of sexual minority youth.

Original languageEnglish
Pages (from-to)271-285
Number of pages15
JournalEducational Psychology Review
Volume24
Issue number2
DOIs
StatePublished - Jun 2012

Keywords

  • Adolescents
  • Bullying
  • Ecological systems theory
  • Homophobia
  • Sexual minority
  • Victimization

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