Reliability and validity of the Korean version of the temperament and character inventory

Seung Mo Sung; Jong Heun Kim; Eunjoo Yang; Kelley Yost Abrams; In Kyoon Lyoo

doi:10.1053/comp.2002.30794

Reliability and validity of the Korean version of the temperament and character inventory

Seung Mo Sung, Jong Heun Kim, Eunjoo Yang, Kelley Yost Abrams, In Kyoon Lyoo

Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences

Research output: Contribution to journal › Article › peer-review

122 Scopus citations

Abstract

The purpose of this study was to evaluate the reliability and validity of the Korean version of the Temperament and Character Inventory (TCI), a self-report questionnaire based on Cloninger's biosocial model of personality. The TCI was translated into Korean and administered to 851 Korean college students. A test-retest study of the TCI was conducted across a 3-month interval with 130 subjects. Internal consistency was calculated by Cronbach α. Test-retest reliability was analyzed by Pearson correlation analysis. Factor analyses for the temperament and character dimensions were performed using principal component analysis, rotating factors obliquely by promax. A comparison of TCI scores between Korean and United States college students was done using independent t tests. Cronbach α values for the TCI scales ranged from .60 to .85 for the temperament scales and from .82 to .87 for the character scales. Test-retest correlations (r) ranged from .52 to .72 for the temperament scales and from .52 to .71 for the character scales. Principal component factor analyses showed similar factor structures of four temperaments and three characters as the American version of the TCI, except for the Reward Dependence and Persistence temperament scales. Explorative factor analysis with a condition of eigenvalue greater than 1 produced five factors, as compared to seven factors extracted in Cloninger's original report. Results using a preset seven-factor solution was forced and did not successfully extract Cloninger's seven factors. Korean college students had higher mean scores on Harm Avoidance and lower mean scores on the rest of the scales as compared to a sample of US college students. The results of this study confirm that the Korean TCI has satisfactory psychometric properties and reflects Cloninger's biosocial model of personality.

Original language	English
Pages (from-to)	235-243
Number of pages	9
Journal	Comprehensive Psychiatry
Volume	43
Issue number	3
DOIs	https://doi.org/10.1053/comp.2002.30794
State	Published - 2002

Bibliographical note

Funding Information:
From the Department of Psychiatry, Seoul National University College of Medicine and the Neuroscience Research Institute, Seoul National University Medical Research Center, Seoul, South K orea; and the Department of Psychiatry, Yong-In Mental Hospital, Yong-In, South K orea. Supported in part by grants from the Seoul National University Hospital (#4-99-0560) and Yong-In Psychiatric Institute. Presented in part at the special lectures at K orea University College of Medicine, Seoul, June 11 and at the 1999 annual meeting of the K orean Neuropsychiatric Association, Seoul, October 29-29, 1999. Addresss reprint requests to In K yoon Lyoo, M.D., Ph.D., McLean Hospital, 115 Mill St, Belmont, MA 02478. Copyright 2002, Elsevier Science (USA). All rights reserved. 0010-440X/02/4303-0014$35.00/0 doi:10.1053/comp.2002.30794

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@article{22b9dda89eda4929a3253de1e8dfb9a0,

title = "Reliability and validity of the Korean version of the temperament and character inventory",

abstract = "The purpose of this study was to evaluate the reliability and validity of the Korean version of the Temperament and Character Inventory (TCI), a self-report questionnaire based on Cloninger's biosocial model of personality. The TCI was translated into Korean and administered to 851 Korean college students. A test-retest study of the TCI was conducted across a 3-month interval with 130 subjects. Internal consistency was calculated by Cronbach α. Test-retest reliability was analyzed by Pearson correlation analysis. Factor analyses for the temperament and character dimensions were performed using principal component analysis, rotating factors obliquely by promax. A comparison of TCI scores between Korean and United States college students was done using independent t tests. Cronbach α values for the TCI scales ranged from .60 to .85 for the temperament scales and from .82 to .87 for the character scales. Test-retest correlations (r) ranged from .52 to .72 for the temperament scales and from .52 to .71 for the character scales. Principal component factor analyses showed similar factor structures of four temperaments and three characters as the American version of the TCI, except for the Reward Dependence and Persistence temperament scales. Explorative factor analysis with a condition of eigenvalue greater than 1 produced five factors, as compared to seven factors extracted in Cloninger's original report. Results using a preset seven-factor solution was forced and did not successfully extract Cloninger's seven factors. Korean college students had higher mean scores on Harm Avoidance and lower mean scores on the rest of the scales as compared to a sample of US college students. The results of this study confirm that the Korean TCI has satisfactory psychometric properties and reflects Cloninger's biosocial model of personality.",

author = "Sung, {Seung Mo} and Kim, {Jong Heun} and Eunjoo Yang and Abrams, {Kelley Yost} and Lyoo, {In Kyoon}",

note = "Funding Information: From the Department of Psychiatry, Seoul National University College of Medicine and the Neuroscience Research Institute, Seoul National University Medical Research Center, Seoul, South K orea; and the Department of Psychiatry, Yong-In Mental Hospital, Yong-In, South K orea. Supported in part by grants from the Seoul National University Hospital (#4-99-0560) and Yong-In Psychiatric Institute. Presented in part at the special lectures at K orea University College of Medicine, Seoul, June 11 and at the 1999 annual meeting of the K orean Neuropsychiatric Association, Seoul, October 29-29, 1999. Addresss reprint requests to In K yoon Lyoo, M.D., Ph.D., McLean Hospital, 115 Mill St, Belmont, MA 02478. Copyright 2002, Elsevier Science (USA). All rights reserved. 0010-440X/02/4303-0014$35.00/0 doi:10.1053/comp.2002.30794",

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doi = "10.1053/comp.2002.30794",

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AU - Sung, Seung Mo

AU - Kim, Jong Heun

AU - Yang, Eunjoo

AU - Abrams, Kelley Yost

AU - Lyoo, In Kyoon

N1 - Funding Information: From the Department of Psychiatry, Seoul National University College of Medicine and the Neuroscience Research Institute, Seoul National University Medical Research Center, Seoul, South K orea; and the Department of Psychiatry, Yong-In Mental Hospital, Yong-In, South K orea. Supported in part by grants from the Seoul National University Hospital (#4-99-0560) and Yong-In Psychiatric Institute. Presented in part at the special lectures at K orea University College of Medicine, Seoul, June 11 and at the 1999 annual meeting of the K orean Neuropsychiatric Association, Seoul, October 29-29, 1999. Addresss reprint requests to In K yoon Lyoo, M.D., Ph.D., McLean Hospital, 115 Mill St, Belmont, MA 02478. Copyright 2002, Elsevier Science (USA). All rights reserved. 0010-440X/02/4303-0014$35.00/0 doi:10.1053/comp.2002.30794

PY - 2002

Y1 - 2002

N2 - The purpose of this study was to evaluate the reliability and validity of the Korean version of the Temperament and Character Inventory (TCI), a self-report questionnaire based on Cloninger's biosocial model of personality. The TCI was translated into Korean and administered to 851 Korean college students. A test-retest study of the TCI was conducted across a 3-month interval with 130 subjects. Internal consistency was calculated by Cronbach α. Test-retest reliability was analyzed by Pearson correlation analysis. Factor analyses for the temperament and character dimensions were performed using principal component analysis, rotating factors obliquely by promax. A comparison of TCI scores between Korean and United States college students was done using independent t tests. Cronbach α values for the TCI scales ranged from .60 to .85 for the temperament scales and from .82 to .87 for the character scales. Test-retest correlations (r) ranged from .52 to .72 for the temperament scales and from .52 to .71 for the character scales. Principal component factor analyses showed similar factor structures of four temperaments and three characters as the American version of the TCI, except for the Reward Dependence and Persistence temperament scales. Explorative factor analysis with a condition of eigenvalue greater than 1 produced five factors, as compared to seven factors extracted in Cloninger's original report. Results using a preset seven-factor solution was forced and did not successfully extract Cloninger's seven factors. Korean college students had higher mean scores on Harm Avoidance and lower mean scores on the rest of the scales as compared to a sample of US college students. The results of this study confirm that the Korean TCI has satisfactory psychometric properties and reflects Cloninger's biosocial model of personality.

AB - The purpose of this study was to evaluate the reliability and validity of the Korean version of the Temperament and Character Inventory (TCI), a self-report questionnaire based on Cloninger's biosocial model of personality. The TCI was translated into Korean and administered to 851 Korean college students. A test-retest study of the TCI was conducted across a 3-month interval with 130 subjects. Internal consistency was calculated by Cronbach α. Test-retest reliability was analyzed by Pearson correlation analysis. Factor analyses for the temperament and character dimensions were performed using principal component analysis, rotating factors obliquely by promax. A comparison of TCI scores between Korean and United States college students was done using independent t tests. Cronbach α values for the TCI scales ranged from .60 to .85 for the temperament scales and from .82 to .87 for the character scales. Test-retest correlations (r) ranged from .52 to .72 for the temperament scales and from .52 to .71 for the character scales. Principal component factor analyses showed similar factor structures of four temperaments and three characters as the American version of the TCI, except for the Reward Dependence and Persistence temperament scales. Explorative factor analysis with a condition of eigenvalue greater than 1 produced five factors, as compared to seven factors extracted in Cloninger's original report. Results using a preset seven-factor solution was forced and did not successfully extract Cloninger's seven factors. Korean college students had higher mean scores on Harm Avoidance and lower mean scores on the rest of the scales as compared to a sample of US college students. The results of this study confirm that the Korean TCI has satisfactory psychometric properties and reflects Cloninger's biosocial model of personality.

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Reliability and validity of the Korean version of the temperament and character inventory

Abstract

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