TY - JOUR
T1 - Reemerging old infectious diseases
T2 - Diagnosis of measles, mumps, rubella, and pertussis
AU - Kim, Kyung Hyo
PY - 2013
Y1 - 2013
N2 - Reemerging infectious diseases are infections that had decreased in incidence in the global population and were brought under control through effective health care policy such as vaccination, but more recently, began to resurge as a health problem due to many reasons. Measles, rubella, mumps and pertussis are the examples. Immunization with MMR (measles, mumps, rubella) and pertussis vaccine has contributed to marked decrease in measles, mumps, rubella and pertussis incidence worldwide. In Korea, measles and rubella almost disappeared after the introduction of 2 doses of MMR immunization schedule. Recently, these infections have been reemerging in many countries with low vaccination rates and can be introduced again in Korea. However mumps and pertussis outbreaks are reported among fully vaccinated populations. Declining vaccine effectiveness, an increased awareness and surveillance of the disease or improved laboratory diagnostic tools had been suggested as possible causes. For the clinicians, it is difficult to diagnose these reemerging infectious diseases partly because of few experience of typical cases of measles and rubella or partly because of modification of clinical symptoms and signs of infectious diseases in immunized population. In this article, the diagnosis of measles, mumps, rubella and pertussis will be reviewed in the aspects of clinical characteristics, serologic methods, virus isolation, and polymerase chain reaction.
AB - Reemerging infectious diseases are infections that had decreased in incidence in the global population and were brought under control through effective health care policy such as vaccination, but more recently, began to resurge as a health problem due to many reasons. Measles, rubella, mumps and pertussis are the examples. Immunization with MMR (measles, mumps, rubella) and pertussis vaccine has contributed to marked decrease in measles, mumps, rubella and pertussis incidence worldwide. In Korea, measles and rubella almost disappeared after the introduction of 2 doses of MMR immunization schedule. Recently, these infections have been reemerging in many countries with low vaccination rates and can be introduced again in Korea. However mumps and pertussis outbreaks are reported among fully vaccinated populations. Declining vaccine effectiveness, an increased awareness and surveillance of the disease or improved laboratory diagnostic tools had been suggested as possible causes. For the clinicians, it is difficult to diagnose these reemerging infectious diseases partly because of few experience of typical cases of measles and rubella or partly because of modification of clinical symptoms and signs of infectious diseases in immunized population. In this article, the diagnosis of measles, mumps, rubella and pertussis will be reviewed in the aspects of clinical characteristics, serologic methods, virus isolation, and polymerase chain reaction.
KW - Diagnosis
KW - Measles
KW - Mumps
KW - Pertussis
KW - Rubella
UR - http://www.scopus.com/inward/record.url?scp=84891048935&partnerID=8YFLogxK
U2 - 10.14776/kjpid.2013.20.3.115
DO - 10.14776/kjpid.2013.20.3.115
M3 - Article
AN - SCOPUS:84891048935
SN - 1226-3923
VL - 20
SP - 115
EP - 122
JO - Korean Journal of Pediatric Infectious Diseases
JF - Korean Journal of Pediatric Infectious Diseases
IS - 3
ER -