Pulsed electrolysis for CO₂ reduction: Techno-economic perspectives

Pulsed electrolysis has emerged as a promising approach to CO₂ reduction, offering a simple method to adjust product selectivity and enhance operational stability. However, conceptually applying the dynamic pulse operation process on a large scale highlights its differences when compared to conventional electrolysis processes, impacting the economic feasibility of the process. We discuss the influence of pulsed electrolysis on surface reaction mechanisms and the simulation of changes at both the continuum and smaller scales through computational modeling. Additionally, we point out considerations for applying pulsed CO₂ electrolysis to a large-scale process and assess their economic implications, comparing pulsed electrolysis with constant electrolysis.