Pt/CeO₂ catalyst synthesized by combustion method for dehydrogenation of perhydro-dibenzyltoluene as liquid organic hydrogen carrier: Effect of pore size and metal dispersion

Liquid organic hydrogen carrier (LOHC) is a chemical hydrogen storage method that stores hydrogen in the form of liquid organics. Dibenzyltoluene (DBT) is a promising LOHC material due to its high storage density, low ignitability, and low cost. In this study, Pt/Al₂O₃ and Pt/CeO₂ catalysts are synthesized using a combustion nanocatalyst synthesis method called the glycine nitrate process (GNP) to obtain high catalytic activity for the dehydrogenation of perhydro-dibenzyltoluene (H18-DBT). Pt/CeO₂ exhibits much faster dehydrogenation than Pt/Al₂O₃, 80.5%/2.5 h versus 3.5%/2.5 h. To investigate the causes of the difference in the dehydrogenation rates, microstructural characterization by N₂ physisorption, CO chemisorption and transmission electron microscopy analysis are conducted, and the catalytic activities are evaluated at various liquid hourly space velocities (LHSVs). The differences in dehydrogenation can be attributed to the mass transport of liquid H18-DBT into the catalyst pores being slow due to the small pores in Pt/Al₂O₃, which is a rarely addressed issue for other LOHC materials. This is because many LOHC materials are dehydrogenated at the gas phase, which has higher diffusivity than that of the liquid phase. Pt/CeO₂ synthesized by the GNP is also compared with a commercial Pt/Al₂O₃ catalyst. The commercial Pt/Al₂O₃ catalyst shows a dehydrogenation of 17.8%/2.5 h, which is much slower than that of Pt/CeO₂ synthesized by the GNP, at 80.5%/2.5 h.