Psychological stress accompanied by a low-variety diet is positively associated with type 2 diabetes in middle-aged adults

Yoonjin Shin, Yangha Kim

Research output: Contribution to journalArticlepeer-review

6 Scopus citations

Abstract

Psychological stress is generally known to affect dietary intakes and cause chronic diseases. This study aims to investigate the association between psychological stress and the risk of type 2 diabetes in relation to dietary variety. A total of 126,405 middle-aged adults were enrolled in the Korean Genome and Epidemiology Study. Stress levels were measured using the psychosocial well-being index. Dietary variety score (DVS) was defined as the number of different foods consumed over a day. Stress levels were positively associated with the risks of diabetes (odds ratio (OR) for tertile 3 compared with tertile 1, men: OR = 1.34 (95% CI: 1.24–1.45); women: OR = 1.29 (1.19–1.4)). As the stress levels rose, the intake of grains increased, and the intake of fruits and vegetables decreased. Participants with higher stress levels showed lower DVS than those with lower stress levels. Furthermore, participants with higher stress levels and lower DVS had a significantly higher OR for diabetes than those with lower stress levels and higher DVS (men: OR = 1.83 (1.58–2.12); women: OR = 1.85 (1.59–2.51)). These results suggest that the high risk of type 2 diabetes for people with high stress levels may be associated with low dietary variety.

Original languageEnglish
Article number2612
Pages (from-to)1-10
Number of pages10
JournalNutrients
Volume12
Issue number9
DOIs
StatePublished - Sep 2020

Bibliographical note

Funding Information:
Funding: This study was supported by the National Research Foundation of Korea (NRF) funded by the Korean Government (MSIT) (No. 2012M3A9C4048761 and 2019R1C1C1002649).

Funding Information:
This study was supported by the National Research Foundation of Korea (NRF) funded by the Korean Government (MSIT) (No. 2012M3A9C4048761 and 2019R1C1C1002649). Acknowledgments: Data in this study were from the Korean Genome and Epidemiology Study (KoGES; 4851302), the National Research Institute of Health, the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, and the Ministry for Health and Welfare, Republic of Korea.

Publisher Copyright:
© 2020 by the authors. Licensee MDPI, Basel, Switzerland.

Keywords

  • Dietary variety score
  • Low-variety diet
  • Psychological stress
  • Type 2 diabetes

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