Photo-excited carrier transport and secondary phases of Na-engineered kesterite flexible thin films

Juran Kim; Ha Kyung Park; Yunae Cho; Sammi Kim; Kee Jeong Yang; Dae Hwan Kim; Jin Kyu Kang; William Jo

doi:10.1016/j.solmat.2022.112091

Photo-excited carrier transport and secondary phases of Na-engineered kesterite flexible thin films

Juran Kim, Ha Kyung Park, Yunae Cho, Sammi Kim, Kee Jeong Yang, Dae Hwan Kim, Jin Kyu Kang, William Jo

Department of Physics

Research output: Contribution to journal › Article › peer-review

3 Scopus citations

Abstract

Kesterite [Cu₂ZnSn(S,Se)₄ (CZTSSe)], which is one of the most promising solar cell materials, can be used as a light absorber owing to its suitable optical and electrical properties. In this study, the optimization process of NaF layers was performed in the deposition of the precursor stacks of Sn/Cu/Zn/Mo to form CZTSSe thin films. The distribution of the secondary phases on the CZTSSe surfaces strongly depends on the insertion of the NaF layer. In particular, the Cu_2-xS binary phase increases with the closeness of the insertion location of the NaF layer to the front side. Moreover, the grain boundary properties can be altered by varying the deposition conditions since Na segregation and defect formation affect the surface electrical properties and carrier transport mechanism. Photo-assisted conductive-atomic force microscopy was used to measure the local variation in the surface photocurrent flow into the CZTSSe grains, and the incorporation of sodium increased the surface current formation. This study exhibits the effects of Na on the optimal growth of kesterite formation and carrier transport of the relevant photovoltaic devices.

Original language	English
Article number	112091
Journal	Solar Energy Materials and Solar Cells
Volume	250
DOIs	https://doi.org/10.1016/j.solmat.2022.112091
State	Published - 15 Jan 2023

Bibliographical note

Funding Information:
This research was supported by the Basic Science Research Program through the National Research Foundation of Korea (NRF) funded by the Ministry of Education ( NRF-2018R1A6A1A03025340 ) and Ministry of Science, Technology, ICT, and Future Planning ( NRF-2021R1A2B5B02001961 ). This work was supported by a grant ( NRF-2022M3J1A1064229 ) of the Technology Development Program for the solving of climate change, and these were provided through the National Research Foundation (NRF) funded by the Ministry of Science and ICT. This work was supported by the DGIST R&D programs of the Ministry of Science and ICT ( 22-CoE-ET-01 ). The first author, H. K. Park, is also grateful for the financial support received from the Hyundai Motor Chung Mong-Koo Foundation .

Publisher Copyright:
© 2022

Keywords

Alkali doping control
Charge transport
Kesterite
Secondary phases

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10.1016/j.solmat.2022.112091

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title = "Photo-excited carrier transport and secondary phases of Na-engineered kesterite flexible thin films",

abstract = "Kesterite [Cu2ZnSn(S,Se)4 (CZTSSe)], which is one of the most promising solar cell materials, can be used as a light absorber owing to its suitable optical and electrical properties. In this study, the optimization process of NaF layers was performed in the deposition of the precursor stacks of Sn/Cu/Zn/Mo to form CZTSSe thin films. The distribution of the secondary phases on the CZTSSe surfaces strongly depends on the insertion of the NaF layer. In particular, the Cu2-xS binary phase increases with the closeness of the insertion location of the NaF layer to the front side. Moreover, the grain boundary properties can be altered by varying the deposition conditions since Na segregation and defect formation affect the surface electrical properties and carrier transport mechanism. Photo-assisted conductive-atomic force microscopy was used to measure the local variation in the surface photocurrent flow into the CZTSSe grains, and the incorporation of sodium increased the surface current formation. This study exhibits the effects of Na on the optimal growth of kesterite formation and carrier transport of the relevant photovoltaic devices.",

keywords = "Alkali doping control, Charge transport, Kesterite, Secondary phases",

author = "Juran Kim and Park, {Ha Kyung} and Yunae Cho and Sammi Kim and Yang, {Kee Jeong} and Kim, {Dae Hwan} and Kang, {Jin Kyu} and William Jo",

note = "Funding Information: This research was supported by the Basic Science Research Program through the National Research Foundation of Korea (NRF) funded by the Ministry of Education ( NRF-2018R1A6A1A03025340 ) and Ministry of Science, Technology, ICT, and Future Planning ( NRF-2021R1A2B5B02001961 ). This work was supported by a grant ( NRF-2022M3J1A1064229 ) of the Technology Development Program for the solving of climate change, and these were provided through the National Research Foundation (NRF) funded by the Ministry of Science and ICT. This work was supported by the DGIST R&D programs of the Ministry of Science and ICT ( 22-CoE-ET-01 ). The first author, H. K. Park, is also grateful for the financial support received from the Hyundai Motor Chung Mong-Koo Foundation . Publisher Copyright: {\textcopyright} 2022",

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doi = "10.1016/j.solmat.2022.112091",

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T1 - Photo-excited carrier transport and secondary phases of Na-engineered kesterite flexible thin films

AU - Kim, Juran

AU - Park, Ha Kyung

AU - Cho, Yunae

AU - Kim, Sammi

AU - Yang, Kee Jeong

AU - Kim, Dae Hwan

AU - Kang, Jin Kyu

AU - Jo, William

N1 - Funding Information: This research was supported by the Basic Science Research Program through the National Research Foundation of Korea (NRF) funded by the Ministry of Education ( NRF-2018R1A6A1A03025340 ) and Ministry of Science, Technology, ICT, and Future Planning ( NRF-2021R1A2B5B02001961 ). This work was supported by a grant ( NRF-2022M3J1A1064229 ) of the Technology Development Program for the solving of climate change, and these were provided through the National Research Foundation (NRF) funded by the Ministry of Science and ICT. This work was supported by the DGIST R&D programs of the Ministry of Science and ICT ( 22-CoE-ET-01 ). The first author, H. K. Park, is also grateful for the financial support received from the Hyundai Motor Chung Mong-Koo Foundation . Publisher Copyright: © 2022

PY - 2023/1/15

Y1 - 2023/1/15

N2 - Kesterite [Cu2ZnSn(S,Se)4 (CZTSSe)], which is one of the most promising solar cell materials, can be used as a light absorber owing to its suitable optical and electrical properties. In this study, the optimization process of NaF layers was performed in the deposition of the precursor stacks of Sn/Cu/Zn/Mo to form CZTSSe thin films. The distribution of the secondary phases on the CZTSSe surfaces strongly depends on the insertion of the NaF layer. In particular, the Cu2-xS binary phase increases with the closeness of the insertion location of the NaF layer to the front side. Moreover, the grain boundary properties can be altered by varying the deposition conditions since Na segregation and defect formation affect the surface electrical properties and carrier transport mechanism. Photo-assisted conductive-atomic force microscopy was used to measure the local variation in the surface photocurrent flow into the CZTSSe grains, and the incorporation of sodium increased the surface current formation. This study exhibits the effects of Na on the optimal growth of kesterite formation and carrier transport of the relevant photovoltaic devices.

AB - Kesterite [Cu2ZnSn(S,Se)4 (CZTSSe)], which is one of the most promising solar cell materials, can be used as a light absorber owing to its suitable optical and electrical properties. In this study, the optimization process of NaF layers was performed in the deposition of the precursor stacks of Sn/Cu/Zn/Mo to form CZTSSe thin films. The distribution of the secondary phases on the CZTSSe surfaces strongly depends on the insertion of the NaF layer. In particular, the Cu2-xS binary phase increases with the closeness of the insertion location of the NaF layer to the front side. Moreover, the grain boundary properties can be altered by varying the deposition conditions since Na segregation and defect formation affect the surface electrical properties and carrier transport mechanism. Photo-assisted conductive-atomic force microscopy was used to measure the local variation in the surface photocurrent flow into the CZTSSe grains, and the incorporation of sodium increased the surface current formation. This study exhibits the effects of Na on the optimal growth of kesterite formation and carrier transport of the relevant photovoltaic devices.

KW - Alkali doping control

KW - Charge transport

KW - Kesterite

KW - Secondary phases

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U2 - 10.1016/j.solmat.2022.112091

DO - 10.1016/j.solmat.2022.112091

M3 - Article

AN - SCOPUS:85141299067

SN - 0927-0248

VL - 250

JO - Solar Energy Materials and Solar Cells

JF - Solar Energy Materials and Solar Cells

M1 - 112091

ER -

Photo-excited carrier transport and secondary phases of Na-engineered kesterite flexible thin films

Abstract

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Keywords

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