Papillary thyroid carcinoma with BRAF^V600E mutation: Sonographic prediction

OBJECTIVE. The purpose of this article is to assess the clinical and sonographic findings that can predict the presence of the BRAF^V600E mutation of a papillary thyroid carcinoma. MATERIALS AND METHODS. The study included 135 consecutive patients with surgically confirmed papillary thyroid carcinoma. All patients underwent ultrasound and ultrasound-guided fine-needle aspiration. The BRAF^V600E mutation was determined using allelespecific polymerase chain reaction and direct DNA sequencing from fine-needle aspiration samples. We retrospectively compared the clinical and ultrasound findings of nodules with and without the mutation, including size, margin, shape, calcifications, echogenicity, and ultrasound diagnosis. RESULTS. Of 135 patients, results were positive for the mutation for 106 patients (79%) and negative for 29 (21%). Among the patients with the BRAF^V600E mutation, the ratio of men to women was 1:5.2 (p = 0.156), and the mean age was 47 years (range, 26-73 years; p = 0.326). The mean tumor size was 0.9 cm (range, 0.3-4.0 cm; p = 0.099). On ultrasound, papillary thyroid carcinomas with the BRAF^V600E mutation tended to show a taller-than-wide shape, but this finding was not statistically significant (p = 0.055). The BRAFV600E mutation was not associated with the presence of calcifications (54% vs 71%; p = 0.032), although it was not an independent predictor. There were no significant differences in tumor echogenicity, tumor margin, and ultrasound diagnosis between the two groups. CONCLUSION. Papillary thyroid carcinoma with the BRAF^V600E mutation tends to be taller than wide and is not associated with the presence of calcifications on ultrasound. However, these findings are not specific enough to predict the presence or absence of the BRAFV600E mutation of a papillary thyroid carcinoma.