TY - JOUR
T1 - Nanocomposite versus Mesocomposite for Osteogenic Differentiation of Tonsil-Derived Mesenchymal Stem Cells
AU - Moon, Hyo Jung
AU - Patel, Madhumita
AU - Chung, Heejung
AU - Jeong, Byeongmoon
N1 - Publisher Copyright:
© 2016 WILEY-VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA, Weinheim.
PY - 2016/2/4
Y1 - 2016/2/4
N2 - Injectable inorganic/organic composite systems consisting of well-defined mesocrystals (4-8 μm) of calcium phosphate and polypeptide thermogel significantly enhance the osteogenic differentiation of the tonsil derived mesenchymal stem cells (TMSCs). Compared to composite systems incorporating nanoparticles (10-100 nm) or pure hydrogel systems, osteogenic biomarkers including alkaline phosphatase (ALP), bone morphogenetic protein 2, and osteocalcin are highly expressed at both the mRNA level and the protein level in the mesocrystal composite systems. ALP activity of differentiated cells is also significantly higher in the mesocomposite systems compared to the nanocomposite systems or the pure hydrogel systems. The mesocomposite systems provide not only hard surfaces for binding the cells/proteins by the inorganic mesocrystals but also a soft matrix for holding the cells by the hydrogel. Through the current research, (1) a novel method of preparing mesocrystals is developed, (2) TMSCs are proved as a new resource of stem cells, and (3) the mesocomposite systems are proved to be a promising tool in controlling stem cell differentiation. (4) Finally, the research emphasizes the significance of mesoscience as a new perspective of science in controlling cell and material interfaces.
AB - Injectable inorganic/organic composite systems consisting of well-defined mesocrystals (4-8 μm) of calcium phosphate and polypeptide thermogel significantly enhance the osteogenic differentiation of the tonsil derived mesenchymal stem cells (TMSCs). Compared to composite systems incorporating nanoparticles (10-100 nm) or pure hydrogel systems, osteogenic biomarkers including alkaline phosphatase (ALP), bone morphogenetic protein 2, and osteocalcin are highly expressed at both the mRNA level and the protein level in the mesocrystal composite systems. ALP activity of differentiated cells is also significantly higher in the mesocomposite systems compared to the nanocomposite systems or the pure hydrogel systems. The mesocomposite systems provide not only hard surfaces for binding the cells/proteins by the inorganic mesocrystals but also a soft matrix for holding the cells by the hydrogel. Through the current research, (1) a novel method of preparing mesocrystals is developed, (2) TMSCs are proved as a new resource of stem cells, and (3) the mesocomposite systems are proved to be a promising tool in controlling stem cell differentiation. (4) Finally, the research emphasizes the significance of mesoscience as a new perspective of science in controlling cell and material interfaces.
KW - Calcium phosphate
KW - Mesocrystals
KW - Osteogenic differentiation
KW - Polypeptide thermogels
KW - Tonsil-derived mesenchymal stem cells, stem cells
UR - http://www.scopus.com/inward/record.url?scp=84958529500&partnerID=8YFLogxK
U2 - 10.1002/adhm.201500558
DO - 10.1002/adhm.201500558
M3 - Article
C2 - 26634888
AN - SCOPUS:84958529500
SN - 2192-2640
VL - 5
SP - 353
EP - 363
JO - Advanced Healthcare Materials
JF - Advanced Healthcare Materials
IS - 3
ER -