Long-term effect of bariatric surgery versus conventional therapy in obese Korean patients: A multicenter retrospective cohort study

Purpose: Long-term results following bariatric surgery compared to conventional treatments has never been reported in morbidly obese Korean patients. This study aimed to evaluate the long-term efficacy of bariatric surgery in morbidly obese Korean patients compared to conventional medical treatments. Methods: In this multicenter retrospective cohort study, we reviewed 137 obese subjects between January 2008 and February 2011 with a body mass index (BMI) > 30 kg/m² who had more than 5 years of follow-up clinical data after bariatric surgery (surgery group, n = 49) or conventional treatment (conventional treatment group, n = 88). Anthropometric data and the status of comorbidities were compared between the 2 groups. Results: The median follow-up period was 72.1 months (range 19.3-109.7 months). At the last follow-up, the surgery group showed a greater amount of total weight loss than the conventional treatment group (24.9% vs. 2.8%, P < 0.001). The prevalence of diabetes and hypertension significantly decreased in the surgery group, while the conventional treatment group showed a marked increase in these comorbidities. In the surgery group, Roux-en-Y gastric bypass and sleeve gastrectomy achieved comparable long-term weight loss (26.5% vs. 22.4%, respectively; P = 0.087). Conclusion: In the long-term, bariatric surgery achieved and maintained significantly greater weight reduction, as well as a decrease in obesity-related comorbidities, than did conventional medical therapy in morbidly obese Korean patients.