Leukemia inhibitory factor blocks early differentiation of skeletal muscle cells by activating ERK

Chulman Jo, Hyuck Kim, Inho Jo, Insun Choi, Sung Chul Jung, Joon Kim, Sung Soo Kim, Sangmee Ahn Jo

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64 Scopus citations

Abstract

Leukemia inhibitory factor (LIF) is a multifunctional cytokine belonging to the interleukin-6 family and has been shown to stimulate regeneration of injured skeletal muscle. Although LIF has been shown to stimulate muscle cell proliferation, its precise role in differentiation is unclear. Thus, we examined the effect of LIF on the differentiation of cultured C2C12 myoblast cells. In this study, we used both non-glycosylated LIF expressed in bacteria and glycosylated LIF secreted from NIH3T3 cells infected with Ad-LIF. Both non-glycosylated and glycosylated LIF blocked differentiation of myoblasts as measured by expression of myosin heavy chain and myotube formation. Treatment of myoblasts with LIF induced phosphorylation of ERK, and the LIF-induced inhibitory effect on myogenesis was blocked by pretreatment with U0126, a specific MEK inhibitor, and transient transfection with dominant negative (DN)-MEK1. In contrast, although LIF activated STAT3, the LIF-induced repression of the MCK transcriptional activity was not reversed by pretreatment with AG490, a specific Jak kinase inhibitor or transient transfection with DN-STAT3. Additionally, LIF exhibited its inhibitory effect on myogenesis only when cells were treated at earlier than 12 h after inducing differentiation. Taken together, these results suggest that LIF strongly inhibited early myogenic differentiation though activation of the ERK signaling pathway and its effect is irrespective of glycosylation.

Original languageEnglish
Pages (from-to)187-197
Number of pages11
JournalBiochimica et Biophysica Acta - Molecular Cell Research
Volume1743
Issue number3
DOIs
StatePublished - 15 Apr 2005

Bibliographical note

Funding Information:
This work was supported by a grant from the National Institute of Health, Korea (348 6113 213 000 207) to Dr. Sangmee Ahn J. We thank Drs. K.Y. Choi, J.E. Darnell, Jr., K.Y. Lee, and K. Shuai for providing the plasmids.

Keywords

  • Adenovirus
  • Differentiation
  • ERK
  • LIF
  • Muscle
  • Regeneration

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