TY - JOUR
T1 - Identification of potential plantar ulceration among diabetes patients using plantar soft tissue stiffness
AU - Teoh, Jee Chin
AU - Lee, Taeyong
N1 - Funding Information:
The authors acknowledge Dr Kenjin Tan and Dr Khoo Chee Meng, National University Hospital, Singapore, for their devoted contribution in the experiment. The study was supported by National Research Foundation of Korea grant funded by the Korea government (MSIT) (No. NRF-2019R1F1A1058182 ).
Funding Information:
The authors acknowledge Dr Kenjin Tan and Dr Khoo Chee Meng, National University Hospital, Singapore, for their devoted contribution in the experiment. The study was supported by National Research Foundation of Korea grant funded by the Korea government (MSIT) (No. NRF-2019R1F1A1058182).
Publisher Copyright:
© 2019
PY - 2020/3
Y1 - 2020/3
N2 - This study investigates the relationship between plantar tissue stiffness and selected parameters, including age, diabetes mellitus (DM) duration, body mass index (BMI), and HbA1c level. 70 diabetes patients with no foot problems were recruited. The plantar soft tissue at the 2nd sub-metatarsal head (MTH) pad was examined using the novel indentation system developed. The stiffness constant, K, was used to describe the tissue stiffness. The four factors (age, DM duration, BMI, and HbA1c level) were plotted against the plantar tissue stiffness. The scatter plots revealed that a higher plantar tissue stiffness was usually associated with (1) BMI>25 kgm−2, (2) HbA1c score >10% (86 mmol/mol), and (3) DM duration >10 years. The three risk criteria were further evaluated using the binary classification test. The predictions were reported to be fairly accurate and reliable in detecting stiffened tissues. The study has successfully identified the strong association of BMI, HbA1c, and DM duration with the plantar tissue properties. Special attention should be given to the high risk group with BMI>25 kgm−2, HbA1c score >10% (86 mmol/mol), and DM duration >10 years. The high diagnostic odds ratio attained suggests its potential usefulness in helping clinicians to diagnose diabetic foot more efficiently.
AB - This study investigates the relationship between plantar tissue stiffness and selected parameters, including age, diabetes mellitus (DM) duration, body mass index (BMI), and HbA1c level. 70 diabetes patients with no foot problems were recruited. The plantar soft tissue at the 2nd sub-metatarsal head (MTH) pad was examined using the novel indentation system developed. The stiffness constant, K, was used to describe the tissue stiffness. The four factors (age, DM duration, BMI, and HbA1c level) were plotted against the plantar tissue stiffness. The scatter plots revealed that a higher plantar tissue stiffness was usually associated with (1) BMI>25 kgm−2, (2) HbA1c score >10% (86 mmol/mol), and (3) DM duration >10 years. The three risk criteria were further evaluated using the binary classification test. The predictions were reported to be fairly accurate and reliable in detecting stiffened tissues. The study has successfully identified the strong association of BMI, HbA1c, and DM duration with the plantar tissue properties. Special attention should be given to the high risk group with BMI>25 kgm−2, HbA1c score >10% (86 mmol/mol), and DM duration >10 years. The high diagnostic odds ratio attained suggests its potential usefulness in helping clinicians to diagnose diabetic foot more efficiently.
KW - Body mass index
KW - Diabetic ulcer
KW - HbA1c
KW - Indentation
KW - Plantar tissue stiffness
UR - http://www.scopus.com/inward/record.url?scp=85076257688&partnerID=8YFLogxK
U2 - 10.1016/j.jmbbm.2019.103567
DO - 10.1016/j.jmbbm.2019.103567
M3 - Article
C2 - 32090958
AN - SCOPUS:85076257688
SN - 1751-6161
VL - 103
JO - Journal of the Mechanical Behavior of Biomedical Materials
JF - Journal of the Mechanical Behavior of Biomedical Materials
M1 - 103567
ER -
