High-level conversion of L-lysine into 5-aminovalerate that can be used for nylon 6,5 synthesis

L-Lysine is a potential feedstock for the production of bio-based precursors for engineering plastics. In this study, we developed a microbial process for high-level conversion of L-lysine into 5-aminovalerate (5AVA) that can be used as a monomer in nylon 6,5 synthesis. Recombinant Escherichia coli WL3110 strain expressing Pseudomonas putida delta-aminovaleramidase (DavA) and lysine 2-monooxygenase (DavB) was grown to high density in fed-batch culture and used as a whole cell catalyst. High-density E. coli WL3110 expressing DavAB, grown to an optical density at 600 nm (OD₆₀₀) of 30, yielded 36.51 g/L 5AVA from 60 g/L L-lysine in 24 h. Doubling the cell density of E. coli WL3110 improved the conversion yield to 47.96 g/L 5AVA from 60 g/L of L-lysine in 24 h. 5AVA production was further improved by doubling the L-lysine concentration from 60 to 120 g/L. The highest 5AVA titer (90.59 g/L; molar yield 0.942) was obtained from 120 g/L L-lysine by E. coli WL3110 cells grown to OD₆₀₀ of 60. Finally, nylon 6,5 was synthesized by bulk polymerization of ε{lunate}-caprolactam and δ-valerolactam prepared from microbially synthesized 5AVA. The hybrid system demonstrated here has promising possibilities for application in the development of industrial bio-nylon production processes. L-lysine, a feedstock for the production of bio-nylon precursors, can be converted into 5AVA by whole-cell catalytic reaction of recombinant E. coli expressing the P. putida davAB genes. This 5AVA can be further converted into δ-valerolactam to synthesize bio-nylon 6,5. The hybrid system is expected to be applicable in the development of bio-nylon production processes.