Abstract
Here we report a large, extensively characterized set of single-nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) covering the human genome. We determined the allele frequencies of 55,018 SNPs in African Americans, Asians (Japanese-Chinese), and European Americans as part of The SNP Consortium's Allele Frequency Project. A subset of 8333 SNPs was also characterized in Koreans. Because these SNPs were ascertained in the same way, the data set is particularly useful for modeling. Our results document that much genetic variation is shared among populations. For autosomes, some 44% of these SNPs have a minor allele frequency ≥10% in each population, and the average allele frequency differences between populations with different continental origins are less than 19%. However, the several percentage point allele frequency differences among the closely related Korean, Japanese, and Chinese populations suggest caution in using mixtures of well-established populations for case-control genetic studies of complex traits. We estimate that ∼7% of these SNPs are private SNPs with minor allele frequencies <1%. A useful set of characterized SNPs with large allele frequency differences between populations (>60%) can be used for admixture studies. High-density maps of high-quality, characterized SNPs produced by this project are freely available.
Original language | English |
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Pages (from-to) | 117-126 |
Number of pages | 10 |
Journal | Genomics |
Volume | 86 |
Issue number | 2 |
DOIs | |
State | Published - Aug 2005 |
Bibliographical note
Funding Information:We are grateful for the contributions of Dr. Patrick K. Bender, Ms. Betsy Messina, and Dr. Lorraine H. Toji, at the Coriell Institute of Medical Research (Camden, NJ, USA), for their guidance and assistance in the assembly of the TSC DNA allele frequency panels. We also acknowledge the assistance of Dr. Mat Petersen from the American Diabetes Association, for allowing us to use samples from the ADA collection to build the TSC panels. We also thank James Marcella, Jack Ball, Felicia Watson, and Robert Tomacelli for their advice and guidance during the development of the project at Orchid. This study was supported in part by IMT-2000 Grant (01-PJ11-PG9-01BT05–0003) from the Korean Ministries of Health and Welfare and Information and Communication. This work is funded in part by The SNP Consortium and by the NHGRI (HG1720 to P.Y.K.).
Keywords
- Complex disease variation search
- Human variation
- Korean population
- Pooled sequencing
- SNP
- Single-base primer extension
- The SNP Consortium