TY - JOUR
T1 - Formation of oxidized products from the reaction of gaseous phenanthrene with the OH radical in a reaction chamber
AU - Lee, Ji Yi
AU - Lane, Douglas A.
N1 - Funding Information:
The research reported herein was internally funded by Environment Canada . This work was, also, supported by the National Research Foundation of Korea (NRF) grant funded by the Korea Government (MEST) (No. 2009-0066341).
PY - 2010/6
Y1 - 2010/6
N2 - The reaction of gas phase phenanthrene (Phen) with the OH radical in the presence of NOx was studied in a reaction chamber. A number of oxidation products were identified by two dimensional gas chromatography-time of flight mass spectrometry (GC × GC-TOFMS). Identified products included 9-fluorenone, 1,2-naphthalic anhydride, 2,2'-diformylbiphenyl, dibenzopyranone, 1, 2, 3, 4 and 9-phenanthrols, 2, 3, 4 and 9-nitrophenanthrenes, 1,4-phenanthrenequinone, 9,10-phenanthrenequinone, and 2- and 4-nitrodibenzopyranones. This is the first study to identify 1,2-naphthalic anhydride and 1,4-phenanthrenequinone as products of the gas phase reaction of Phen with the OH radical. Eight more products were tentatively identified by their mass spectral fragmentation patterns and based on the typical OH radical initiated photochemical reaction mechanisms of simple aromatic compounds and naphthalene. In the reaction chamber, particle formation of products as a function of irradiation time was measured. Phenanthrenequinones, phenanthrol, nitrophenanthrene and nitrobenzopyranone were observed predominantly in the particle phase. This implies that these oxidized products formed from the reaction of Phen with the OH radical in the chamber would be associated with particles in the atmosphere and may, therefore, have an impact on human health. Possible pathways for the formation of these products are suggested and discussed.
AB - The reaction of gas phase phenanthrene (Phen) with the OH radical in the presence of NOx was studied in a reaction chamber. A number of oxidation products were identified by two dimensional gas chromatography-time of flight mass spectrometry (GC × GC-TOFMS). Identified products included 9-fluorenone, 1,2-naphthalic anhydride, 2,2'-diformylbiphenyl, dibenzopyranone, 1, 2, 3, 4 and 9-phenanthrols, 2, 3, 4 and 9-nitrophenanthrenes, 1,4-phenanthrenequinone, 9,10-phenanthrenequinone, and 2- and 4-nitrodibenzopyranones. This is the first study to identify 1,2-naphthalic anhydride and 1,4-phenanthrenequinone as products of the gas phase reaction of Phen with the OH radical. Eight more products were tentatively identified by their mass spectral fragmentation patterns and based on the typical OH radical initiated photochemical reaction mechanisms of simple aromatic compounds and naphthalene. In the reaction chamber, particle formation of products as a function of irradiation time was measured. Phenanthrenequinones, phenanthrol, nitrophenanthrene and nitrobenzopyranone were observed predominantly in the particle phase. This implies that these oxidized products formed from the reaction of Phen with the OH radical in the chamber would be associated with particles in the atmosphere and may, therefore, have an impact on human health. Possible pathways for the formation of these products are suggested and discussed.
KW - OH radical reaction
KW - Oxidized products
KW - Particle formation
KW - Phenanthrene
UR - http://www.scopus.com/inward/record.url?scp=77953612312&partnerID=8YFLogxK
U2 - 10.1016/j.atmosenv.2010.03.008
DO - 10.1016/j.atmosenv.2010.03.008
M3 - Article
AN - SCOPUS:77953612312
SN - 1352-2310
VL - 44
SP - 2469
EP - 2477
JO - Atmospheric Environment
JF - Atmospheric Environment
IS - 20
ER -