Abstract
Mulliken charge-transfer theory is used to relate the properties of transient donor-acceptor complexes between alkylmetals and halogens with the kinetics of the accompanying cleavage reaction (halogenolysis). The formulation derives from the charge-transfer transition energy hvCT which is proportional to the second-order rate constant for halogenolysis of a variety of tetraalkyltin compounds in hexane or carbon tetrachloride solutions. The description of the activation process for halogenolysis as an electron transfer in the CT complex, e.g., [R4SnBr2] → [R4Sn+Br2-], leads to a linear free energy relationship in which the activation free energy is equal to the driving force for [R4Sn+ Br2-] ion pair formation. The latter is equated to the charge-transfer transition energy plus a contribution from the solvation energy, by employing a comparative procedure for the evaluation of alkylmetals. An independent measure of the solvation energy obtained from the gas-phase ionization potentials of alkylmetals and their free energy changes in solution supports the electron-transfer formulation of the activation process. The charge-transfer mechanism is generalized for the halogenolysis of alkylmetals.
Original language | English |
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Pages (from-to) | 2246-2254 |
Number of pages | 9 |
Journal | Journal of Physical Chemistry |
Volume | 84 |
Issue number | 18 |
DOIs | |
State | Published - 1980 |