TY - JOUR
T1 - Electrode design and performance of flow-type electrochemical lithium recovery (ELR) systems
AU - Jung, Seon Yeop
AU - Joo, Hwajoo
AU - Kim, Ji Hee
AU - Kim, Seoni
AU - Heo, Seongmin
AU - Yoon, Jeyong
N1 - Publisher Copyright:
© 2022 Elsevier B.V.
PY - 2022/6/15
Y1 - 2022/6/15
N2 - Due to increasing interests in carbon neutral engineering, global market demand for lithium compounds is steadily growing, which serve as key compounds in the battery production. As a sustainable alternative for lithium compound production, electrochemical lithium recovery (ELR) is being studied extensively in recent years. However, research efforts for ELR have been mainly devoted to the synthesis of electrode materials, leaving an open problem of comprehensively understanding the effects of multiple electrode design parameters on the system performances. In this study, to address such a problem systematically, the ELR system with λ-MnO2/LiMn2O4 (LMO) electrodes is numerically investigated at a low current density of 62.5 μA/cm2. Three electrode design parameters are selected, which are known as key parameters in the literature: effective radius of LMO particles (rp), volume fraction of LMO particles in electrodes (εs), and electrode thickness (δ). Under the parameter range considered, the specific mass of Li+ recovered (qLi+) took the value ranging from 35.71 mg/g to 37.66 mg/g, while the range covered by the net energy consumption (Wnet) was from 0.17 Wh/mol to 5.44 Wh/mol. Sensitivity analysis showed that, with increasing rp, qLi+ decreases and Wnet increases, while opposite correlations were observed for εs and δ. It was also shown that the maximum of qLi+ and the minimum of Wnet can be achieved only with small rp (regardless of εs and δ), making it the most important parameter.
AB - Due to increasing interests in carbon neutral engineering, global market demand for lithium compounds is steadily growing, which serve as key compounds in the battery production. As a sustainable alternative for lithium compound production, electrochemical lithium recovery (ELR) is being studied extensively in recent years. However, research efforts for ELR have been mainly devoted to the synthesis of electrode materials, leaving an open problem of comprehensively understanding the effects of multiple electrode design parameters on the system performances. In this study, to address such a problem systematically, the ELR system with λ-MnO2/LiMn2O4 (LMO) electrodes is numerically investigated at a low current density of 62.5 μA/cm2. Three electrode design parameters are selected, which are known as key parameters in the literature: effective radius of LMO particles (rp), volume fraction of LMO particles in electrodes (εs), and electrode thickness (δ). Under the parameter range considered, the specific mass of Li+ recovered (qLi+) took the value ranging from 35.71 mg/g to 37.66 mg/g, while the range covered by the net energy consumption (Wnet) was from 0.17 Wh/mol to 5.44 Wh/mol. Sensitivity analysis showed that, with increasing rp, qLi+ decreases and Wnet increases, while opposite correlations were observed for εs and δ. It was also shown that the maximum of qLi+ and the minimum of Wnet can be achieved only with small rp (regardless of εs and δ), making it the most important parameter.
KW - Carbon-neutrality
KW - Electrochemical lithium recovery
KW - Electrode design parameter
KW - Lithium
KW - Lithium manganese oxide
KW - P2D model
UR - http://www.scopus.com/inward/record.url?scp=85127194453&partnerID=8YFLogxK
U2 - 10.1016/j.desal.2022.115732
DO - 10.1016/j.desal.2022.115732
M3 - Article
AN - SCOPUS:85127194453
SN - 0011-9164
VL - 532
JO - Desalination
JF - Desalination
M1 - 115732
ER -