Efficient and Reproducible CH3NH3PbI3 Perovskite Layer Prepared Using a Binary Solvent Containing a Cyclic Urea Additive

Lin Xie, An Na Cho, Nam Gyu Park, Kyungkon Kim

Research output: Contribution to journalArticlepeer-review

34 Scopus citations

Abstract

An efficient CH3NH3PbI3 perovskite solar cell whose performance is reproducible and shows reduced dependence on the processing conditions is fabricated using the cyclic urea compound 1,3-dimethyl-2-imidazolidinone (DMI) as an additive to the precursor solution of CH3NH3PbI3. X-ray diffraction analysis reveals that DMI weakly coordinates with PbI2 and forms a CH3NH3PbI3 film (film-DMI) with no intermediate phase. The surface of annealed film-DMI (film-DMI-A) was smooth, with an average crystal size of 1 μm. Photoluminescence and transient photovoltage measurements show that film-DMI-A exhibits a longer carrier lifetime than a CH3NH3PbI3 film prepared using the strongly coordinating additive dimethyl sulfoxide (DMSO) (film-DMSO-A) because of the reduced number of defect sites in film-DMI-A. A solar cell based on film-DMI-A exhibits a higher power conversion efficiency (17.6%) than that of a cell based on film-DMSO-A (15.8%). Furthermore, the performance of the film-DMI-A solar cell is less sensitive to the ratio between PbI2 and DMI, and film-DMI can be fabricated under a high relative humidity of 55%.

Original languageEnglish
Pages (from-to)9390-9397
Number of pages8
JournalACS Applied Materials and Interfaces
Volume10
Issue number11
DOIs
StatePublished - 21 Mar 2018

Bibliographical note

Publisher Copyright:
© 2018 American Chemical Society.

Keywords

  • Perovskite
  • intermediate phase
  • photovoltaics
  • solar cells
  • urea additive

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