TY - JOUR
T1 - Effects of volatile organic compounds and new particle formation on real-time hygroscopicity of PM2.5 particles in Seosan, Republic of Korea
AU - Kim, Jeongbeen
AU - Ha, Yoonkyeong
AU - Cho, Kyungil
AU - Lee, Soodong
AU - Jung, Jinsang
AU - Lee, Seung Bok
AU - Lee, Ji Yi
AU - Song, Mijung
AU - Jang, Kyoung Soon
AU - Lee, Kwangyul
AU - Ahn, Junyoung
AU - Kim, Changhyuk
N1 - Publisher Copyright:
© 2024 Elsevier B.V.
PY - 2024/5/10
Y1 - 2024/5/10
N2 - The hygroscopicity of PM2.5 particles plays an important role in PM2.5 haze in Northeast Asian countries by influencing particle growth and chemical composition. New particle formation (NPF) and atmospheric volatile organic compounds (VOCs) are factors that influence particle hygroscopicity. However, the lack of real-time hygroscopicity measurements has deterred the understanding of their effects on particle hygroscopicity. In this study, two intensive monitoring campaigns were conducted during the summer of 2021 and spring of 2022 using real-time aerosol instruments, including a humidified tandem differential mobility analyzer (HTDMA), in Seosan, Republic of Korea. The hygroscopicity parameter κ was calculated from the real-time HTDMA measurement data (κGf). The diurnal variations in κGf exhibited strong inverse linear correlations with the total concentration of VOCs (CTVOC) during the two campaigns. The higher atmospheric CTVOC in summer increased the growth rate of the particle diameter from 10 to 40 nm (6 nm/h) compared with that in spring (2.7 nm/h), resulting in a faster change in κGf for 40-nm particles in summer than in spring because of the increase in organic matter in the chemical compositions of particles. In addition, NPF events introduced additional tiny fresh particles into the atmosphere, which reduced the κGf of 40-nm particles and increased the intensity of the less hygroscopic peaks (κGf < 0.1) of κ-probability density functions (κ-PDF) in NPF days. However, 100-nm particles exhibited fewer changes in κGf than 40-nm particles, resulting in additional dominant hygroscopic peaks (κ ∼ 0.2) of κ-PDFs in both NPF and non-NPF days. When κGf values measured in Seosan were compared with those in other Northeast Asian countries in the literature, the κ values for 40-nm particles were lower than those (κ > 0.2) measured in Beijing and Guangzhou, but those for 100-nm particles were close to those measured in the two cities.
AB - The hygroscopicity of PM2.5 particles plays an important role in PM2.5 haze in Northeast Asian countries by influencing particle growth and chemical composition. New particle formation (NPF) and atmospheric volatile organic compounds (VOCs) are factors that influence particle hygroscopicity. However, the lack of real-time hygroscopicity measurements has deterred the understanding of their effects on particle hygroscopicity. In this study, two intensive monitoring campaigns were conducted during the summer of 2021 and spring of 2022 using real-time aerosol instruments, including a humidified tandem differential mobility analyzer (HTDMA), in Seosan, Republic of Korea. The hygroscopicity parameter κ was calculated from the real-time HTDMA measurement data (κGf). The diurnal variations in κGf exhibited strong inverse linear correlations with the total concentration of VOCs (CTVOC) during the two campaigns. The higher atmospheric CTVOC in summer increased the growth rate of the particle diameter from 10 to 40 nm (6 nm/h) compared with that in spring (2.7 nm/h), resulting in a faster change in κGf for 40-nm particles in summer than in spring because of the increase in organic matter in the chemical compositions of particles. In addition, NPF events introduced additional tiny fresh particles into the atmosphere, which reduced the κGf of 40-nm particles and increased the intensity of the less hygroscopic peaks (κGf < 0.1) of κ-probability density functions (κ-PDF) in NPF days. However, 100-nm particles exhibited fewer changes in κGf than 40-nm particles, resulting in additional dominant hygroscopic peaks (κ ∼ 0.2) of κ-PDFs in both NPF and non-NPF days. When κGf values measured in Seosan were compared with those in other Northeast Asian countries in the literature, the κ values for 40-nm particles were lower than those (κ > 0.2) measured in Beijing and Guangzhou, but those for 100-nm particles were close to those measured in the two cities.
KW - Growth factor
KW - HTDMA
KW - Hygroscopicity parameter
KW - New particle formation
KW - Probability density function
KW - Volatile organic compound
UR - http://www.scopus.com/inward/record.url?scp=85187639069&partnerID=8YFLogxK
U2 - 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2024.171516
DO - 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2024.171516
M3 - Article
C2 - 38458451
AN - SCOPUS:85187639069
SN - 0048-9697
VL - 924
JO - Science of the Total Environment
JF - Science of the Total Environment
M1 - 171516
ER -