Effects of Mo back-contact annealing on surface potential and carrier transport in Cu₂ZnSnS₄ thin film solar cells

Engineering & Materials Science

• Carrier transport 100%
• Thin film solar cells 97%
• Surface potential 87%
• Annealing 63%
• Solar cells 45%
• Sputtering 27%
• Atomic force microscopy 27%
• Open circuit voltage 26%
• Volatile organic compounds 25%
• Temperature 25%
• Lime 24%
• Microscopic examination 23%
• Grain boundaries 21%
• Electrons 21%
• Current density 20%
• Thin films 20%
• Nitrogen 19%
• Furnaces 18%
• Glass 17%

Chemical Compounds

• Surface Potential 70%
• Sulfurization 57%
• Solar Cell 55%
• Annealing 50%
• Conductive Atomic Force Microscopy 33%
• Kelvin Probe Force Microscopy 31%
• Soda-Lime Glass 30%
• Electron-Hole Recombination 27%
• Sputtering 23%
• Grain Boundary 22%
• Current Density 15%
• Voltage 15%
• Nitrogen 12%
• Surface 6%