TY - JOUR
T1 - Effective treatment of nutrients by adsorption onto the surface of a modified clay and a toxicity evaluation of the adsorbent
AU - Lee, Soonjae
AU - Kwon, Kyu Sang
AU - Ryu, Jae Chun
AU - Song, Mi Kyung
AU - Pflugmacher, Stephan
AU - Park, Chanhyuk
AU - Lee, Sang Hyup
AU - Park, Chul Hwi
AU - Choi, Jae Woo
N1 - Publisher Copyright:
© 2015 Springer International Publishing Switzerland.
PY - 2015/4/1
Y1 - 2015/4/1
N2 - A pure clay ball and surface-modified clay ball were investigated to remove phosphate from synthetic wastewater; phosphate causes eutrophication in hydro-ecological systems. Adsorption tests of phosphate from aqueous solutions onto two types of adsorbents were conducted. The maximum phosphate adsorption capacities of the pure and surface-modified clay ball were found to be 0.084 and 8.869 mg/g, respectively. In a fixed-bed column packed with surface-modified clay balls, the first breakthrough of phosphate appeared after approximately 4000 min. In addition, the phosphate adsorbed on the surface-modified clay ball was effectively desorbed using a 1 M zirconium sulfate solution, and the adsorbent was regenerated for four adsorption and three desorption cycles by maintaining the adsorption capacity at the value before regeneration. X-ray diffraction (XRD), scanning electron microscopy (SEM)/energy-dispersive X-ray spectroscopy (EDX), and Brunauer-Emmett-Teller (BET) analysis method were performed to reveal the characteristics of the surface-modified clay ball. Cytotoxicity experiment was conducted on the developed adsorbents, and as a result, these showed low cytotoxic effect on the human cells. These results indicated that the surface-modified clay ball, due to the low cost, high adsorption capacity, and non-toxicity, has the potential to be utilized in the cost-effective removal of phosphate from aqueous solutions.
AB - A pure clay ball and surface-modified clay ball were investigated to remove phosphate from synthetic wastewater; phosphate causes eutrophication in hydro-ecological systems. Adsorption tests of phosphate from aqueous solutions onto two types of adsorbents were conducted. The maximum phosphate adsorption capacities of the pure and surface-modified clay ball were found to be 0.084 and 8.869 mg/g, respectively. In a fixed-bed column packed with surface-modified clay balls, the first breakthrough of phosphate appeared after approximately 4000 min. In addition, the phosphate adsorbed on the surface-modified clay ball was effectively desorbed using a 1 M zirconium sulfate solution, and the adsorbent was regenerated for four adsorption and three desorption cycles by maintaining the adsorption capacity at the value before regeneration. X-ray diffraction (XRD), scanning electron microscopy (SEM)/energy-dispersive X-ray spectroscopy (EDX), and Brunauer-Emmett-Teller (BET) analysis method were performed to reveal the characteristics of the surface-modified clay ball. Cytotoxicity experiment was conducted on the developed adsorbents, and as a result, these showed low cytotoxic effect on the human cells. These results indicated that the surface-modified clay ball, due to the low cost, high adsorption capacity, and non-toxicity, has the potential to be utilized in the cost-effective removal of phosphate from aqueous solutions.
KW - Adsorption
KW - Clay
KW - Phosphate
KW - Surface modification
KW - Toxicity
UR - http://www.scopus.com/inward/record.url?scp=84961329064&partnerID=8YFLogxK
U2 - 10.1007/s11270-015-2376-8
DO - 10.1007/s11270-015-2376-8
M3 - Article
AN - SCOPUS:84961329064
SN - 0049-6979
VL - 226
JO - Water, Air, and Soil Pollution
JF - Water, Air, and Soil Pollution
IS - 4
M1 - 111
ER -