Abstract
Ecological niche modeling is a tool used to determine current potential species' distribution or habitat suitability models which can then be used to project suitable areas in time. Projections of suitability into past climates can identify locations of climate refugia, or areas with high climatic stability likely to contain the highest levels of genetic diversity and stable populations when climatic conditions are less suitable in other parts of the range. Modeling habitat suitability for closely related species in recent past can also reveal potential periods and regions of contact and possible admixture. In the east palearctic, there are five Dryophytes (Hylid treefrog) clades belonging to two groups: Dryophytes japonicus group: Clades A and B; and Dryophytes immaculatus group: Dryophytes immaculatus, Dryophytes flaviventris, and Dryophytes suweonensis. We used maximum entropy modeling to determine the suitable ranges of these five clades during the present and projected to the Last Glacial Maximum (LGM) and Last Interglacial (LIG) periods. We also calculated climatic stability for each clade to identify possible areas of climate refugia. Our models indicated suitable range expansion during the LGM for four clades with the exclusion of D. immaculatus. High climatic stability in our models corresponded to areas with the highest numbers of recorded occurrences in the present. The models produced here can additionally serve as baselines for models of suitability under climate change scenarios and indicate species ecological requirements.
Original language | English |
---|---|
Article number | e12999 |
Journal | PeerJ |
Volume | 10 |
DOIs | |
State | Published - Mar 2022 |
Bibliographical note
Funding Information:Yikweon Jang was funded by the research grants from the Rural Development Administration of Korea (PJ015071022021) and from the Korea Environmental Industry & Technology Institute (KEITI 2021002270001). This work was partially supported by the Foreign Youth Talent Program (QN2021014013L) from the Ministry of Science and Technology to AB. The funders had no role in study design, data collection and analysis, decision to publish, or preparation of the manuscript. The following grant information was disclosed by the authors: Rural Development Administration of Korea: PJ015071022021. Korea Environmental Industry & Technology Institute: KEITI 2021002270001. Foreign Youth Talent Program from the Ministry of Science and Technology: QN2021014013L.
Funding Information:
Yikweon Jang was funded by the research grants from the Rural Development Administration of Korea (PJ015071022021) and from the Korea Environmental Industry & Technology Institute (KEITI 2021002270001). This work was partially supported by the Foreign Youth Talent Program (QN2021014013L) from the Ministry of Science and Technology to AB. The funders had no role in study design, data collection and analysis, decision to publish, or preparation of the manuscript.
Publisher Copyright:
© 2022 Andersen et al.
Keywords
- Dryophytes
- East palearctic
- Ecological niche model
- Northeast Asia
- Past distributions
- Treefrog
- Yellow sea