TY - JOUR
T1 - Distribution and Characterization of Antimicrobial Resistant Pathogens in a Pig Farm, Slaughterhouse, Meat Processing Plant, and in Retail Stores
AU - Bae, Dongryeoul
AU - Macoy, Donah Mary
AU - Ahmad, Waqas
AU - Peseth, Son
AU - Kim, Binn
AU - Chon, Jung Whan
AU - Ryu, Gyeong Ryul
AU - Ban, Ga Hee
AU - Kim, Sun Ae
AU - Kang, Hye Jeong
AU - Moon, Jin San
AU - Kim, Min Gab
N1 - Funding Information:
This research was supported by a grant (MFDS, research project number—20162MFDS011) from the Korean Ministry of Food and Drug Safety in 2020.
Funding Information:
This research was also partially supported by Basic Science Research Capacity Enhancement Project through Korea Basic Science Institute (National Research Facilities and Equipment Center) grant funded by Ministry of Education (grant no. 2022R1A6C101B724).
Publisher Copyright:
© 2022 by the authors.
PY - 2022/11
Y1 - 2022/11
N2 - The emergence of antibiotic resistance in foodborne pathogens isolated from meat pro-ducts and their producing environment has been an increasing and leading threat to public health. The aim of the study was to identify pathogens and their antimicrobial resistance isolated from pig production to pork meat distribution phases. Through this study, food spoilage and foodborne or clinical pathogenic bacteria were isolated and identified from pork (belly and neck) meat product and its related environmental samples that include pig swabs, diets, feces, liquid manure, workers’ gloves, dust fan swabs, carcass swabs, floor swabs, and drain water in the affiliated farm, slaughterhouse, meat processing plant, and in retail stores. All carcasses at the slaughterhouse and meat products at the meat processing plant were tracked from pigs at a targeted farm. Nine different selective media agars were used to effectively isolate various pathogenic bacteria. A total of 283 presumptive pathogenic bacteria isolated from 126 samples were selected and identified using MALDI-ToF MS. Twenty-three important foodborne pathogens were identified, and some of them, Shiga-toxin-producing E. coli (STEC), Listeria monocytogenes, Staphylococcus aureus, and Yersinia enterocolitica, were further confirmed using PCR. The PFGE patterns of 12 STEC isolates were grouped by sample source or site. All the foodborne pathogens used in the study were not resistant to amoxicillin/clavulanate, ciprofloxacin, and gentamicin, whereas some of the STEC, L. monocytogenes, and S. aureus isolates were resistant to various antibiotics, including ampicillin, erythromycin, tetracycline, and vancomycin. The most common antimicrobial resistance pattern in the pathogenic STEC isolates was AMP-KAN-STR-SXT-TET. Consequently, this study provides valuable information for the distribution of antimicrobial-resistant pathogens along the pork meat production chain and can assist farmers and stakeholders to develop a systematic strategy for reducing the current emergence and spread of antimicrobial resistance in the different phases of pig production and distribution.
AB - The emergence of antibiotic resistance in foodborne pathogens isolated from meat pro-ducts and their producing environment has been an increasing and leading threat to public health. The aim of the study was to identify pathogens and their antimicrobial resistance isolated from pig production to pork meat distribution phases. Through this study, food spoilage and foodborne or clinical pathogenic bacteria were isolated and identified from pork (belly and neck) meat product and its related environmental samples that include pig swabs, diets, feces, liquid manure, workers’ gloves, dust fan swabs, carcass swabs, floor swabs, and drain water in the affiliated farm, slaughterhouse, meat processing plant, and in retail stores. All carcasses at the slaughterhouse and meat products at the meat processing plant were tracked from pigs at a targeted farm. Nine different selective media agars were used to effectively isolate various pathogenic bacteria. A total of 283 presumptive pathogenic bacteria isolated from 126 samples were selected and identified using MALDI-ToF MS. Twenty-three important foodborne pathogens were identified, and some of them, Shiga-toxin-producing E. coli (STEC), Listeria monocytogenes, Staphylococcus aureus, and Yersinia enterocolitica, were further confirmed using PCR. The PFGE patterns of 12 STEC isolates were grouped by sample source or site. All the foodborne pathogens used in the study were not resistant to amoxicillin/clavulanate, ciprofloxacin, and gentamicin, whereas some of the STEC, L. monocytogenes, and S. aureus isolates were resistant to various antibiotics, including ampicillin, erythromycin, tetracycline, and vancomycin. The most common antimicrobial resistance pattern in the pathogenic STEC isolates was AMP-KAN-STR-SXT-TET. Consequently, this study provides valuable information for the distribution of antimicrobial-resistant pathogens along the pork meat production chain and can assist farmers and stakeholders to develop a systematic strategy for reducing the current emergence and spread of antimicrobial resistance in the different phases of pig production and distribution.
KW - distribution
KW - environment
KW - foodborne pathogens
KW - pork
KW - production
UR - http://www.scopus.com/inward/record.url?scp=85149504050&partnerID=8YFLogxK
U2 - 10.3390/microorganisms10112252
DO - 10.3390/microorganisms10112252
M3 - Article
AN - SCOPUS:85149504050
SN - 2076-2607
VL - 10
JO - Microorganisms
JF - Microorganisms
IS - 11
M1 - 2252
ER -