Diiridium(iii) complexes: luminescent probes and sensors for G-quadruplex DNA and endoplasmic reticulum imaging

Tikum Florence Anjong; Gyoungmi Kim; Ha Yoon Jang; Juyoung Yoon; Jinheung Kim

doi:10.1039/C6NJ02890J

Diiridium(iii) complexes: luminescent probes and sensors for G-quadruplex DNA and endoplasmic reticulum imaging

Tikum Florence Anjong, Gyoungmi Kim, Ha Yoon Jang, Juyoung Yoon, Jinheung Kim

Chemistry & Nanoscience

Research output: Contribution to journal › Article › peer-review

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Abstract

Two new dinuclear iridium (Ir) complexes bridged by a conjugated aromatic tppz ligand, (bhq)₂Ir(tppz)Ir(bhq)₂ (1) and (ppy)₂Ir(tppz)Ir(ppy)₂ (2) (bhq = benzo(h)quinolone, ppy = phenyl-pyridine, tppz = tetrapyrido[3,2-a:2′,3′-c:3′′,2′′-h:2′′′,3′′′-j]phenazine), were prepared. The DNA binding properties of complexes 1 and 2 were studied using single-stranded DNA, double-stranded DNA, and G-quadruplex DNA. G-Quadruplex binding was characterized by higher emission enhancements than those observed with other control DNA strands. Photophysical properties of complexes 1 and 2 indicated that 1 displayed selective G-quadruplex binding affinity, but 2 did not. The emission properties of complexes 1 and 2 were also studied using liposomes in order to understand their possible interactions with lipid-rich organelles in live cells. The phosphorescence intensity of 1 and 2 was enhanced upon interaction with liposomes, but 2 showed greater enhancement. We also confirmed that 1 and 2 could be used as probes in live cells. Complexes 1 and 2 were intensely stained in HeLa cervical cancer cells. Excitation with a λ = 488 nm laser showed red emission localized in the cytosol of cells. Cellular studies showed that 1 and 2 were located inside HeLa cells, but neither complex passed through the nuclear membrane. However, complexes 1 and 2 possessed superior photostability, indicating their role as good luminescent agents for imaging and tracking the endoplasmic reticulum (ER) in live cells. Overall, complex 1 exhibited better selectivity for G-quadruplexes, liposomes, and ER staining.

Original language	English
Pages (from-to)	377-386
Number of pages	10
Journal	New Journal of Chemistry
Volume	41
Issue number	1
DOIs	https://doi.org/10.1039/C6NJ02890J
State	Published - 2016

Bibliographical note

Funding Information:
This work was supported by the National Research Foundation of Korea's (NRF) grant funded by the Korean Government (MEST) (NRF-2016R1A2B4012488). This work was also supported by a grant from the National Creative Research Initiative Programs of the National Research Foundation of Korea (NRF) funded by the Korean Government (MSIP) (No. 2012R1A3A2048814).

Publisher Copyright:
© The Royal Society of Chemistry and the Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique.

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10.1039/C6NJ02890J

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title = "Diiridium(iii) complexes: luminescent probes and sensors for G-quadruplex DNA and endoplasmic reticulum imaging",

abstract = "Two new dinuclear iridium (Ir) complexes bridged by a conjugated aromatic tppz ligand, (bhq)2Ir(tppz)Ir(bhq)2 (1) and (ppy)2Ir(tppz)Ir(ppy)2 (2) (bhq = benzo(h)quinolone, ppy = phenyl-pyridine, tppz = tetrapyrido[3,2-a:2′,3′-c:3′′,2′′-h:2′′′,3′′′-j]phenazine), were prepared. The DNA binding properties of complexes 1 and 2 were studied using single-stranded DNA, double-stranded DNA, and G-quadruplex DNA. G-Quadruplex binding was characterized by higher emission enhancements than those observed with other control DNA strands. Photophysical properties of complexes 1 and 2 indicated that 1 displayed selective G-quadruplex binding affinity, but 2 did not. The emission properties of complexes 1 and 2 were also studied using liposomes in order to understand their possible interactions with lipid-rich organelles in live cells. The phosphorescence intensity of 1 and 2 was enhanced upon interaction with liposomes, but 2 showed greater enhancement. We also confirmed that 1 and 2 could be used as probes in live cells. Complexes 1 and 2 were intensely stained in HeLa cervical cancer cells. Excitation with a λ = 488 nm laser showed red emission localized in the cytosol of cells. Cellular studies showed that 1 and 2 were located inside HeLa cells, but neither complex passed through the nuclear membrane. However, complexes 1 and 2 possessed superior photostability, indicating their role as good luminescent agents for imaging and tracking the endoplasmic reticulum (ER) in live cells. Overall, complex 1 exhibited better selectivity for G-quadruplexes, liposomes, and ER staining.",

author = "Anjong, {Tikum Florence} and Gyoungmi Kim and Jang, {Ha Yoon} and Juyoung Yoon and Jinheung Kim",

note = "Funding Information: This work was supported by the National Research Foundation of Korea's (NRF) grant funded by the Korean Government (MEST) (NRF-2016R1A2B4012488). This work was also supported by a grant from the National Creative Research Initiative Programs of the National Research Foundation of Korea (NRF) funded by the Korean Government (MSIP) (No. 2012R1A3A2048814). Publisher Copyright: {\textcopyright} The Royal Society of Chemistry and the Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique.",

year = "2016",

doi = "10.1039/C6NJ02890J",

language = "English",

volume = "41",

pages = "377--386",

journal = "New Journal of Chemistry",

issn = "1144-0546",

publisher = "Royal Society of Chemistry",

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T2 - luminescent probes and sensors for G-quadruplex DNA and endoplasmic reticulum imaging

AU - Anjong, Tikum Florence

AU - Kim, Gyoungmi

AU - Jang, Ha Yoon

AU - Yoon, Juyoung

AU - Kim, Jinheung

N1 - Funding Information: This work was supported by the National Research Foundation of Korea's (NRF) grant funded by the Korean Government (MEST) (NRF-2016R1A2B4012488). This work was also supported by a grant from the National Creative Research Initiative Programs of the National Research Foundation of Korea (NRF) funded by the Korean Government (MSIP) (No. 2012R1A3A2048814). Publisher Copyright: © The Royal Society of Chemistry and the Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique.

PY - 2016

Y1 - 2016

N2 - Two new dinuclear iridium (Ir) complexes bridged by a conjugated aromatic tppz ligand, (bhq)2Ir(tppz)Ir(bhq)2 (1) and (ppy)2Ir(tppz)Ir(ppy)2 (2) (bhq = benzo(h)quinolone, ppy = phenyl-pyridine, tppz = tetrapyrido[3,2-a:2′,3′-c:3′′,2′′-h:2′′′,3′′′-j]phenazine), were prepared. The DNA binding properties of complexes 1 and 2 were studied using single-stranded DNA, double-stranded DNA, and G-quadruplex DNA. G-Quadruplex binding was characterized by higher emission enhancements than those observed with other control DNA strands. Photophysical properties of complexes 1 and 2 indicated that 1 displayed selective G-quadruplex binding affinity, but 2 did not. The emission properties of complexes 1 and 2 were also studied using liposomes in order to understand their possible interactions with lipid-rich organelles in live cells. The phosphorescence intensity of 1 and 2 was enhanced upon interaction with liposomes, but 2 showed greater enhancement. We also confirmed that 1 and 2 could be used as probes in live cells. Complexes 1 and 2 were intensely stained in HeLa cervical cancer cells. Excitation with a λ = 488 nm laser showed red emission localized in the cytosol of cells. Cellular studies showed that 1 and 2 were located inside HeLa cells, but neither complex passed through the nuclear membrane. However, complexes 1 and 2 possessed superior photostability, indicating their role as good luminescent agents for imaging and tracking the endoplasmic reticulum (ER) in live cells. Overall, complex 1 exhibited better selectivity for G-quadruplexes, liposomes, and ER staining.

AB - Two new dinuclear iridium (Ir) complexes bridged by a conjugated aromatic tppz ligand, (bhq)2Ir(tppz)Ir(bhq)2 (1) and (ppy)2Ir(tppz)Ir(ppy)2 (2) (bhq = benzo(h)quinolone, ppy = phenyl-pyridine, tppz = tetrapyrido[3,2-a:2′,3′-c:3′′,2′′-h:2′′′,3′′′-j]phenazine), were prepared. The DNA binding properties of complexes 1 and 2 were studied using single-stranded DNA, double-stranded DNA, and G-quadruplex DNA. G-Quadruplex binding was characterized by higher emission enhancements than those observed with other control DNA strands. Photophysical properties of complexes 1 and 2 indicated that 1 displayed selective G-quadruplex binding affinity, but 2 did not. The emission properties of complexes 1 and 2 were also studied using liposomes in order to understand their possible interactions with lipid-rich organelles in live cells. The phosphorescence intensity of 1 and 2 was enhanced upon interaction with liposomes, but 2 showed greater enhancement. We also confirmed that 1 and 2 could be used as probes in live cells. Complexes 1 and 2 were intensely stained in HeLa cervical cancer cells. Excitation with a λ = 488 nm laser showed red emission localized in the cytosol of cells. Cellular studies showed that 1 and 2 were located inside HeLa cells, but neither complex passed through the nuclear membrane. However, complexes 1 and 2 possessed superior photostability, indicating their role as good luminescent agents for imaging and tracking the endoplasmic reticulum (ER) in live cells. Overall, complex 1 exhibited better selectivity for G-quadruplexes, liposomes, and ER staining.

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U2 - 10.1039/C6NJ02890J

DO - 10.1039/C6NJ02890J

M3 - Article

AN - SCOPUS:85007273771

SN - 1144-0546

VL - 41

SP - 377

EP - 386

JO - New Journal of Chemistry

JF - New Journal of Chemistry

IS - 1

ER -

Diiridium(iii) complexes: luminescent probes and sensors for G-quadruplex DNA and endoplasmic reticulum imaging

Abstract

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