TY - JOUR
T1 - Dietary carotenoids intake and the risk of gastric cancer
T2 - A case—control study in Korea
AU - Kim, Ji Hyun
AU - Lee, Jeonghee
AU - Choi, Il Ju
AU - Kim, Young Il
AU - Kwon, Oran
AU - Kim, Hyesook
AU - Kim, Jeongseon
N1 - Funding Information:
Funding: This research was supported by Grants-in-Aid for Cancer Research and Control from the National Cancer Center, Korea (no. 1410260, 1810090, and 1810980) and the Ministry of Science, ICT, and Future Planning, Korea (Bio-synergy Research Project no. NRF2012M3A9C4048761).
Funding Information:
This research was supported by Grants-in-Aid for Cancer Research and Control from the National Cancer Center, Korea (no. 1410260, 1810090, and 1810980) and the Ministry of Science, ICT, and Future Planning, Korea (Bio-synergy Research Project no. NRF2012M3A9C4048761).
Publisher Copyright:
© 2018 by the authors. Licensee MDPI, Basel, Switzerland.
PY - 2018/8/7
Y1 - 2018/8/7
N2 - Although the incidence of gastric cancer (GC) has declined, it remains the second most common cancer in Korea. As a class of phytochemicals, carotenoids are fat-soluble pigments that are abundant in fruits and vegetables and have health-promoting properties, including cancer prevention effects. This case-control study investigated the effects of total dietary carotenoids, dietary carotenoid subclasses (α-carotene, β-carotene, β-cryptoxanthin, lutein/zeaxanthin, and lycopene), and foods contributing to the dietary intake of each carotenoid on the risk of GC. Four hundred and fifteen cases and 830 controls were recruited from the National Cancer Center Hospital in Korea between March 2011 and December 2014. A significant inverse association between total dietary carotenoids and GC risk was observed among women (odds ratio (OR) 0.56, 95% confidence interval (CI) 0.32–0.99). A higher intake of dietary lycopene was inversely associated with GC risk overall in the subjects (OR 0.60, 95% CI 0.42–0.85, p for trend = 0.012), men (OR 0.60, 95% CI 0.39– 0.93), and women (OR 0.54, 95% CI 0.30–0.96, p for trend = 0.039). This significant association between dietary lycopene intake and GC risk was also observed in the subgroups of Helicobacter pylori (H. pylori)-positive subjects and those who had ever smoked. Among the major contributing foods of dietary lycopene, consumption of tomatoes and tomato ketchup was inversely associated with GC risk in the overall subjects, men, and women. Based on our findings, a higher intake of dietary lycopene and contributing foods of lycopene (tomatoes and tomato ketchup) may be inversely associated with the risk of GC.
AB - Although the incidence of gastric cancer (GC) has declined, it remains the second most common cancer in Korea. As a class of phytochemicals, carotenoids are fat-soluble pigments that are abundant in fruits and vegetables and have health-promoting properties, including cancer prevention effects. This case-control study investigated the effects of total dietary carotenoids, dietary carotenoid subclasses (α-carotene, β-carotene, β-cryptoxanthin, lutein/zeaxanthin, and lycopene), and foods contributing to the dietary intake of each carotenoid on the risk of GC. Four hundred and fifteen cases and 830 controls were recruited from the National Cancer Center Hospital in Korea between March 2011 and December 2014. A significant inverse association between total dietary carotenoids and GC risk was observed among women (odds ratio (OR) 0.56, 95% confidence interval (CI) 0.32–0.99). A higher intake of dietary lycopene was inversely associated with GC risk overall in the subjects (OR 0.60, 95% CI 0.42–0.85, p for trend = 0.012), men (OR 0.60, 95% CI 0.39– 0.93), and women (OR 0.54, 95% CI 0.30–0.96, p for trend = 0.039). This significant association between dietary lycopene intake and GC risk was also observed in the subgroups of Helicobacter pylori (H. pylori)-positive subjects and those who had ever smoked. Among the major contributing foods of dietary lycopene, consumption of tomatoes and tomato ketchup was inversely associated with GC risk in the overall subjects, men, and women. Based on our findings, a higher intake of dietary lycopene and contributing foods of lycopene (tomatoes and tomato ketchup) may be inversely associated with the risk of GC.
KW - Carotenoids
KW - Case-control study
KW - Gastric cancer
KW - H. pylori
KW - Korea
KW - Lycopene
KW - Smoking
UR - http://www.scopus.com/inward/record.url?scp=85051408696&partnerID=8YFLogxK
U2 - 10.3390/nu10081031
DO - 10.3390/nu10081031
M3 - Article
C2 - 30087311
AN - SCOPUS:85051408696
SN - 2072-6643
VL - 10
JO - Nutrients
JF - Nutrients
IS - 8
M1 - 1031
ER -