Abstract
Although L-tyrosine is well known for its melanogenic effect, the contribution of D-tyrosine to melanin synthesis was previously unexplored. Here, we reveal that, unlike L-tyrosine, D-tyrosine dose-dependently reduced the melanin contents of human MNT-1 melanoma cells and primary human melanocytes. In addition, 500 μM of D-tyrosine completely inhibited 10 μM L-tyrosine-induced melanogenesis, and both in vitro assays and L-DOPA staining MNT-1 cells showed that tyrosinase activity is reduced by D-tyrosine treatment. Thus, D-tyrosine appears to inhibit L-tyrosine-mediated melanogenesis by competitively inhibiting tyrosinase activity. Furthermore, we found that D-tyrosine inhibited melanogenesis induced by α-MSH treatment or UV irradiation, which are the most common environmental factors responsible for melanin synthesis. Finally, we confirmed that D-tyrosine reduced melanin synthesis in the epidermal basal layer of a 3D human skin model. Taken together, these data suggest that D-tyrosine negatively regulates melanin synthesis by inhibiting tyrosinase activity in melanocyte-derived cells.
Original language | English |
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Pages (from-to) | 374-383 |
Number of pages | 10 |
Journal | Pigment Cell and Melanoma Research |
Volume | 31 |
Issue number | 3 |
DOIs | |
State | Published - May 2018 |
Bibliographical note
Publisher Copyright:© 2017 John Wiley & Sons A/S. Published by John Wiley & Sons Ltd
Keywords
- D-tyrosine
- L-tyrosine
- melanin
- melanogenesis
- tyrosinase