TY - JOUR
T1 - Cytochrome b5 reductase, a plasma membrane redox enzyme, protects neuronal cells against metabolic and oxidative stress through maintaining redox state and bioenergetics
AU - Hyun, Dong Hoon
AU - Lee, Ga Hyun
N1 - Publisher Copyright:
© 2015, American Aging Association.
PY - 2015/12/1
Y1 - 2015/12/1
N2 - The plasma membrane redox system (PMRS) containing NADH-dependent reductases is known to be involved in the maintenance of redox state and bioenergetics. Neuronal cells are very vulnerable to oxidative stress and altered energy metabolism linked to mitochondrial dysfunction. However, the role of the PMRS in these pathways is far from clear. In this study, in order to investigate how cytochrome b5 reductase (b5R), one of the PM redox enzymes, regulates cellular response under stressed conditions, human neuroblastoma cells transfected with b5R were used for viability and mitochondrial functional assays. Cells transfected with b5R exhibited significantly higher levels of the NAD+/NADH ratio, consistent with increased levels of b5R activity. Overexpression of b5R made cells more resistant to H2O2 (oxidative stress), 2-deoxyglucose (metabolic stress), rotenone and antimycin A (energetic stress), and lactacystin (proteotoxic stress), but did not protect cells against H2O2 and serum withdrawal. Overexpression of b5R induced higher mitochondrial functions such as ATP production rate, oxygen consumption rate, and activities of complexes I and II, without formation of further reactive oxygen species, consistent with lower levels of oxidative/nitrative damage and resistance to apoptotic cell death. In conclusion, higher NAD+/NADH ratio and consequent more efficient mitochondrial functions are induced by the PMRS, enabling them to maintain redox state and energy metabolism under conditions of some energetic stresses. This suggests that b5R can be a target for therapeutic intervention for aging and neurodegenerative diseases.
AB - The plasma membrane redox system (PMRS) containing NADH-dependent reductases is known to be involved in the maintenance of redox state and bioenergetics. Neuronal cells are very vulnerable to oxidative stress and altered energy metabolism linked to mitochondrial dysfunction. However, the role of the PMRS in these pathways is far from clear. In this study, in order to investigate how cytochrome b5 reductase (b5R), one of the PM redox enzymes, regulates cellular response under stressed conditions, human neuroblastoma cells transfected with b5R were used for viability and mitochondrial functional assays. Cells transfected with b5R exhibited significantly higher levels of the NAD+/NADH ratio, consistent with increased levels of b5R activity. Overexpression of b5R made cells more resistant to H2O2 (oxidative stress), 2-deoxyglucose (metabolic stress), rotenone and antimycin A (energetic stress), and lactacystin (proteotoxic stress), but did not protect cells against H2O2 and serum withdrawal. Overexpression of b5R induced higher mitochondrial functions such as ATP production rate, oxygen consumption rate, and activities of complexes I and II, without formation of further reactive oxygen species, consistent with lower levels of oxidative/nitrative damage and resistance to apoptotic cell death. In conclusion, higher NAD+/NADH ratio and consequent more efficient mitochondrial functions are induced by the PMRS, enabling them to maintain redox state and energy metabolism under conditions of some energetic stresses. This suggests that b5R can be a target for therapeutic intervention for aging and neurodegenerative diseases.
KW - Aging
KW - Cytochrome b5 reductase
KW - NAD/NADH
KW - Neuroprotection
KW - PMRS
UR - http://www.scopus.com/inward/record.url?scp=84948668649&partnerID=8YFLogxK
U2 - 10.1007/s11357-015-9859-9
DO - 10.1007/s11357-015-9859-9
M3 - Article
C2 - 26611738
AN - SCOPUS:84948668649
SN - 0161-9152
VL - 37
SP - 1
EP - 14
JO - Age
JF - Age
IS - 6
M1 - 122
ER -