TY - JOUR
T1 - Cross-cultural adaptation of the stroke action test for Italian- speaking people
AU - EROI (Educazione e Ritardo di Ospedalizzazione per Ictus) study group
AU - Denti, Licia
AU - Marcomini, Barbara
AU - Riva, Silvia
AU - Schulz, Peter J.
AU - Caminiti, Caterina
AU - Artoni, A.
AU - Riva, S.
AU - Scoditti, U.
AU - Zanferrari, C.
AU - Castellini, P.
AU - Marcomini, B.
AU - Iezzi, E.
AU - Diodati, F.
AU - Montanari, E.
AU - Guareschi, A.
AU - Malferrari, G.
AU - Zedde, M.
AU - Perticaroli, E.
AU - Zini, A.
AU - Barbi, F.
AU - Baratti, M.
AU - Guidetti, D.
AU - Iafelice, I.
N1 - Funding Information:
The study has been performed as part of a project supported by grants from the Programma di Ricerca Regione Università Emilia Romagna 2011–2012 AREA 2 Ricerca per il governo clinico to Licia Denti. We wish to thank the organization ALICe for their contribution in enrolling the study participants for both adaptation and further testing of the questionnaire. The EROI (Educazione e Ritardo di Ospedalizzazione per Ictus) study group consists of the following members: Principal Investigator: Licia Denti (Geriatric Clinic-Stroke Care Section, University Hospital of Parma, Italy); Coordinator: Caterina Caminiti (Research and Innovation Unit, University Hospital of Parma, Italy). Investigators: A. Artoni, S. Riva (Geriatric Clinic-Stroke Care Section, University Hospital of Parma, Italy); U Scoditti, C Zanferrari, P Castellini (Stroke Care Program, University Hospital of Parma, Italy); B Marcomini, E Iezzi, F Diodati ((Research and Innovation Unit, University Hospital of Parma, Italy); E. Montanari, A Guareschi (Department of Neurology, Hospital of Fidenza-Vaio, Fidenza, Italy); G. Malferrari, M Zedde, E. Perticaroli (Department of Neurology-Stroke Unit, S. Maria Nuova Hospital, Reggio Emilia, Italy); A Zini, F. Barbi (Department of Neurology-Stroke Unit, Baggiovara Hospital, Modena, Italy); M Baratti (Department of Neurology, Hospital of Carpi, Carpi, Italy); D Guidetti, I Iafelice (Department of Neurology, Hospital of Piacenza, Piacenza, Italy).
Funding Information:
Hence, the purpose of this study was to adapt the original version of STAT to be applied to an Italian population, and to evaluate its acceptability and internal consistency in a sample of Italian respondents. This study was sponsored by the Emilia Romagna Region, as part of a broader project aiming to evaluate the effectiveness of an educational campaign in reducing access times to hospital of patients with stroke (Educazione e Ritardo di Ospedalizzazione per Ictus, EROI project, trial registration http://clinicaltrials.-gov NCT01881152). This study was approved by Parma Provincial Ethics Committee in February 2012.
Publisher Copyright:
© 2015 Denti et al.; licensee BioMed Central.
PY - 2015/5/10
Y1 - 2015/5/10
N2 - Background: Assessing the level of public stroke awareness is a prerequisite for development of community educational campaigns aimed at reducing prehospital delay of stroke patients. The Stroke Action Test (STAT) is a validated instrument specifically developed in the United States with the objective to assess the public's readiness to respond to stroke. Our purpose was to perform the cross-cultural adaptation of the original version of STAT to be applied to the Italian population. Methods: The process of cross-cultural adaptation has been performed according to guidelines, intended for questionnaires of self-report health status measures, following five steps: forward translation, synthesis, back translation, approval by an Expert Committee and test of the pre-final version. For this last step, 31 adults were asked to rate each item in terms of adequacy of content, clarity of wording and usefulness, according to a 3-point scale. The final version has been administered to a sample of 202 volunteers to assess its acceptability and reliability in terms of the internal consistency. Results: The pre-final version of the STAT was developed taking into accounts few and minimal discrepancies between the two back translations and the original version of the instrument. Most items were judged as adequate, easy to understand and useful, according to the frequency of high scores (>50 %) given by the adaptation sample. As for further testing of the adapted final version, completeness of item response was very good. Distribution of scores ranged from 0 to 100 %, without any floor or ceiling effect, with a percentage of the lowest scoring of 1.5 % for the 28-item test and 2.5 % for the 21-item test and a percentage of the highest scoring of 1 % for both tests. Internal consistency was high for both the 28-item and 21-item tests (Cronbach alpha = 0.85 and 0.84, respectively). Conclusions: The process used to perform the cross-cultural adaptation of the questionnaire was successful. The Italian version of STAT demonstrated good acceptability and psychometric properties and is now available to assess stroke awareness in Italian people.
AB - Background: Assessing the level of public stroke awareness is a prerequisite for development of community educational campaigns aimed at reducing prehospital delay of stroke patients. The Stroke Action Test (STAT) is a validated instrument specifically developed in the United States with the objective to assess the public's readiness to respond to stroke. Our purpose was to perform the cross-cultural adaptation of the original version of STAT to be applied to the Italian population. Methods: The process of cross-cultural adaptation has been performed according to guidelines, intended for questionnaires of self-report health status measures, following five steps: forward translation, synthesis, back translation, approval by an Expert Committee and test of the pre-final version. For this last step, 31 adults were asked to rate each item in terms of adequacy of content, clarity of wording and usefulness, according to a 3-point scale. The final version has been administered to a sample of 202 volunteers to assess its acceptability and reliability in terms of the internal consistency. Results: The pre-final version of the STAT was developed taking into accounts few and minimal discrepancies between the two back translations and the original version of the instrument. Most items were judged as adequate, easy to understand and useful, according to the frequency of high scores (>50 %) given by the adaptation sample. As for further testing of the adapted final version, completeness of item response was very good. Distribution of scores ranged from 0 to 100 %, without any floor or ceiling effect, with a percentage of the lowest scoring of 1.5 % for the 28-item test and 2.5 % for the 21-item test and a percentage of the highest scoring of 1 % for both tests. Internal consistency was high for both the 28-item and 21-item tests (Cronbach alpha = 0.85 and 0.84, respectively). Conclusions: The process used to perform the cross-cultural adaptation of the questionnaire was successful. The Italian version of STAT demonstrated good acceptability and psychometric properties and is now available to assess stroke awareness in Italian people.
KW - Cross cultural adaptation
KW - Knowledge
KW - STAT
KW - Stroke awareness
UR - http://www.scopus.com/inward/record.url?scp=84929167115&partnerID=8YFLogxK
U2 - 10.1186/s12883-015-0335-z
DO - 10.1186/s12883-015-0335-z
M3 - Article
C2 - 25958369
AN - SCOPUS:84929167115
SN - 1471-2377
VL - 15
JO - BMC Neurology
JF - BMC Neurology
IS - 1
M1 - 76
ER -