TY - JOUR
T1 - Causes of hyperhomocysteinemia and its pathological significance
AU - Kim, Jihyun
AU - Kim, Hyunhee
AU - Roh, Heewon
AU - Kwon, Youngjoo
N1 - Funding Information:
Acknowledgements This study was supported by a Grant of the Korean Health Technology R&D Project, Ministry of Health & Welfare, Republic of Korea (HI14C2469).
Publisher Copyright:
© 2018, The Pharmaceutical Society of Korea.
PY - 2018/4/1
Y1 - 2018/4/1
N2 - In the last 10 years, homocysteine has been regarded as a marker of cardiovascular disease and a definite risk factor for many other diseases. Homocysteine is biosynthesized from methionine through multiple steps and then goes through one of two major metabolic pathways: remethylation and transsulfuration. Hyperhomocysteinemia is a state in which too much homocysteine is present in the body. The main cause of hyperhomocysteinemia is a dysfunction of enzymes and cofactors associated with the process of homocysteine biosynthesis. Other causes include excessive methionine intake, certain diseases and side effects of some drugs. Hyperhomocysteinemia is a trigger for many diseases, such as atherosclerosis, congestive heart failure, age-related macular degeneration, Alzheimer’s disease and hearing loss. There are many studies showing a positive relationship between homocysteine level and various symptoms. We speculate that a high level of homocysteine can be the sole reason or an aggravating factor in numerous diseases for which causal links are not fully understood.
AB - In the last 10 years, homocysteine has been regarded as a marker of cardiovascular disease and a definite risk factor for many other diseases. Homocysteine is biosynthesized from methionine through multiple steps and then goes through one of two major metabolic pathways: remethylation and transsulfuration. Hyperhomocysteinemia is a state in which too much homocysteine is present in the body. The main cause of hyperhomocysteinemia is a dysfunction of enzymes and cofactors associated with the process of homocysteine biosynthesis. Other causes include excessive methionine intake, certain diseases and side effects of some drugs. Hyperhomocysteinemia is a trigger for many diseases, such as atherosclerosis, congestive heart failure, age-related macular degeneration, Alzheimer’s disease and hearing loss. There are many studies showing a positive relationship between homocysteine level and various symptoms. We speculate that a high level of homocysteine can be the sole reason or an aggravating factor in numerous diseases for which causal links are not fully understood.
KW - Disease caused by hyperhomocysteinemia
KW - Homocysteine
KW - Hyperhomocysteinemia
UR - http://www.scopus.com/inward/record.url?scp=85044033066&partnerID=8YFLogxK
U2 - 10.1007/s12272-018-1016-4
DO - 10.1007/s12272-018-1016-4
M3 - Review article
C2 - 29552692
AN - SCOPUS:85044033066
SN - 0253-6269
VL - 41
SP - 372
EP - 383
JO - Archives of Pharmacal Research
JF - Archives of Pharmacal Research
IS - 4
ER -