TY - JOUR
T1 - Bacterial Sialic Acid Catabolism at the Host–Microbe Interface
AU - Kim, Jaeeun
AU - Kim, Byoung Sik
N1 - Funding Information:
This work was supported by the National Research Foundation of Korea funded by the Ministry of Science and ICT (NRF-2020R1F1A1070168 and NRF- 2022R1F1A1074305 to B.S.K.). We thank Ana Cevallos-Urena at Ewha Womans University for manuscript proofreading.
Funding Information:
This work was supported by the National Research Foundation of Korea funded by the Ministry of Science and ICT (NRF-2020R1F1A1070168 and NRF- 2022R1F1A1074305 to B.S.K.). We thank Ana Cevallos-Urena at Ewha Womans University for manuscript proofreading.
Publisher Copyright:
© 2023, The Author(s), under exclusive licence to Microbiological Society of Korea.
PY - 2023/4
Y1 - 2023/4
N2 - Sialic acids consist of nine-carbon keto sugars that are commonly found at the terminal end of mucins. This positional feature of sialic acids contributes to host cell interactions but is also exploited by some pathogenic bacteria in evasion of host immune system. Moreover, many commensals and pathogens use sialic acids as an alternative energy source to survive within the mucus-covered host environments, such as the intestine, vagina, and oral cavity. Among the various biological events mediated by sialic acids, this review will focus on the processes necessary for the catabolic utilization of sialic acid in bacteria. First of all, transportation of sialic acid should be preceded before its catabolism. There are four types of transporters that are used for sialic acid uptake; the major facilitator superfamily (MFS), the tripartite ATP-independent periplasmic C4-dicarboxilate (TRAP) multicomponent transport system, the ATP binding cassette (ABC) transporter, and the sodium solute symporter (SSS). After being moved by these transporters, sialic acid is degraded into an intermediate of glycolysis through the well-conserved catabolic pathway. The genes encoding the catabolic enzymes and transporters are clustered into an operon(s), and their expression is tightly controlled by specific transcriptional regulators. In addition to these mechanisms, we will cover some researches about sialic acid utilization by oral pathogens.
AB - Sialic acids consist of nine-carbon keto sugars that are commonly found at the terminal end of mucins. This positional feature of sialic acids contributes to host cell interactions but is also exploited by some pathogenic bacteria in evasion of host immune system. Moreover, many commensals and pathogens use sialic acids as an alternative energy source to survive within the mucus-covered host environments, such as the intestine, vagina, and oral cavity. Among the various biological events mediated by sialic acids, this review will focus on the processes necessary for the catabolic utilization of sialic acid in bacteria. First of all, transportation of sialic acid should be preceded before its catabolism. There are four types of transporters that are used for sialic acid uptake; the major facilitator superfamily (MFS), the tripartite ATP-independent periplasmic C4-dicarboxilate (TRAP) multicomponent transport system, the ATP binding cassette (ABC) transporter, and the sodium solute symporter (SSS). After being moved by these transporters, sialic acid is degraded into an intermediate of glycolysis through the well-conserved catabolic pathway. The genes encoding the catabolic enzymes and transporters are clustered into an operon(s), and their expression is tightly controlled by specific transcriptional regulators. In addition to these mechanisms, we will cover some researches about sialic acid utilization by oral pathogens.
KW - Catabolism
KW - Host–microbe interaction
KW - N-acetylneuraminic acid
KW - Sialic acid
UR - http://www.scopus.com/inward/record.url?scp=85150945611&partnerID=8YFLogxK
U2 - 10.1007/s12275-023-00035-7
DO - 10.1007/s12275-023-00035-7
M3 - Short survey
C2 - 36972004
AN - SCOPUS:85150945611
SN - 1225-8873
VL - 61
SP - 369
EP - 377
JO - Journal of Microbiology
JF - Journal of Microbiology
IS - 4
ER -