Abstract
Research on high-temperature superconducting cuprates is at present focused on identifying the relationship between the classic 'pseudogap'phenomenon and the more recently investigated density wave state. This state is generally characterized by a wavevector Q parallel to the planar Cu-O-Cu bonds along with a predominantly d-symmetry form factor (dFF-DW). To identify the microscopic mechanism giving rise to this state, one must identify the momentum-space states contributing to the dFF-DW spectral weight, determine their particle-hole phase relationship about the Fermi energy, establish whether they exhibit a characteristic energy gap, and understand the evolution of all these phenomena throughout the phase diagram. Here we use energy-resolved sublattice visualization of electronic structure and reveal that the characteristic energy of the dFF-DW modulations is actually the 'pseudogap' energy Δ1. Moreover, we demonstrate that the dFF-DW modulations at E=-Δ1 (filled states) occur with relative phase φ compared to those at E=Δ1 (empty states). Finally, we show that the conventionally defined dFF-DW Q corresponds to scattering between the 'hot frontier'regions of momentum-space beyond which Bogoliubov quasiparticles cease to exist. These data indicate that the cuprate dFF-DW state involves particle-hole interactions focused at the pseudogap energy scale and between the four pairs of 'hot frontier'regions in momentum space where the pseudogap opens.
| Original language | English |
|---|---|
| Pages (from-to) | 150-156 |
| Number of pages | 7 |
| Journal | Nature Physics |
| Volume | 12 |
| Issue number | 2 |
| DOIs | |
| State | Published - 2 Feb 2016 |
Bibliographical note
Funding Information:We acknowledge and thank H. Alloul, D. Chowdhury, R. Comin, A. Damascelli, E. Fradkin, D. Hawthorn, S. Hayden, J. E. Ho_man, M.-H. Julien, D. H. Lee, M. Norman and C. Pepin for helpful discussions and communications.We are especially grateful to S. A. Kivelson for key scientific discussions and advice. Experimental studies were supported by the Center for Emergent Superconductivity, an Energy Frontier Research Center, headquartered at Brookhaven National Laboratory and funded by the US Department of Energy under DE-2009-BNL-PM015, as well as by a Grant-in-Aid for Scientific Research from the Ministry of Science and Education (Japan) and the Global Centers of Excellence Program for Japan Society for the Promotion of Science. C.K.K. acknowledges support under the FlucTeam Program at Brookhaven National Laboratory (Contract DE-AC02-98CH10886). S.D.E., J.C.D. and A.P.M. acknowledge the support of EPSRC through the Programme Grant `Topological Protection and Non-Equilibrium States in Correlated Electron Systems''. Theoretical studies at Cornell University were supported by the US Department of Energy, O_ce of Basic Energy Sciences, Division of Materials Science and Engineering under Award DE-SC0010313. Theoretical studies at Harvard University were supported by NSF Grant DMR-1103860 and by the Templeton Foundation. Research at Perimeter Institute is supported by the Government of Canada through Industry Canada and by the Province of Ontario through the Ministry of Research and Innovation. The data and/or materials supporting this publication can be accessed at http://dx.doi.org/10.17630/f17227bc-3045-40d6-b289-30a4c1a8966c.
Funding Information:
We acknowledge and thank H. Alloul, D. Chowdhury, R. Comin, A. Damascelli, E. Fradkin, D. Hawthorn, S. Hayden, J. E. Hoffman, M.-H. Julien, D. H. Lee, M. Norman and C. Pepin for helpful discussions and communications. We are especially grateful to S. A. Kivelson for key scientific discussions and advice. Experimental studies were supported by the Center for Emergent Superconductivity, an Energy Frontier Research Center, headquartered at Brookhaven National Laboratory and funded by the US Department of Energy under DE-2009-BNL-PM015, as well as by a Grant-in-Aid for Scientific Research from the Ministry of Science and Education (Japan) and the Global Centers of Excellence Program for Japan Society for the Promotion of Science. C.K.K. acknowledges support under the FlucTeam Program at Brookhaven National Laboratory (Contract DE-AC02-98CH10886). S.D.E., J.C.D. and A.P.M. acknowledge the support of EPSRC through the Programme Grant ‘Topological Protection and Non-Equilibrium States in Correlated Electron Systems’. Theoretical studies at Cornell University were supported by the US Department of Energy, Office of Basic Energy Sciences, Division of Materials Science and Engineering under Award DE-SC0010313. Theoretical studies at Harvard University were supported by NSF Grant DMR-1103860 and by the Templeton Foundation. Research at Perimeter Institute is supported by the Government of Canada through Industry Canada and by the Province of Ontario through the Ministry of Research and Innovation. The data and/or materials supporting this publication can be accessed at http://dx.doi.org/10.17630/f17227bc-3045-40d6-b289-30a4c1a8966c.
Publisher Copyright:
© 2016 Macmillan Publishers Limited.