Anti-inflammatory mechanism of ginseng saponins in activated microglia

Jin Sun Park; Eun Mi Park; Dong Hyun Kim; Kangsik Jung; Ji Sun Jung; Eun Jung Lee; Jin Won Hyun; Jihee Lee Kang; Hee Sun Kim

doi:10.1016/j.jneuroim.2009.01.020

Anti-inflammatory mechanism of ginseng saponins in activated microglia

Jin Sun Park
, Eun Mi Park
, Dong Hyun Kim
, Kangsik Jung
, Ji Sun Jung
, Eun Jung Lee
, Jin Won Hyun
, Jihee Lee Kang
, Hee Sun Kim

Research output: Contribution to journal › Article › peer-review

147 Scopus citations

Abstract

In the present study, we investigated the effect of ginseng extract (KRG) and total saponins (GTS) on microglial activation. KRG and GTS inhibited LPS-induced expression of iNOS, MMP-9 and proinflammatory cytokines in microglial cells. Suppression of microglial activation by ginseng was also observed in the mouse brain inflamed by LPS. Furthermore, KRG and GTS significantly suppressed NF-κB and MAP kinase activities, which are upstream signaling molecules in inflammation. Among the individual ginsenosides tested, Rh2, Rh3 and compound K significantly inhibited LPS-induced iNOS and cytokine expressions. Therefore, the inhibition of microglial activation by ginseng saponins may a good potential therapeutic modality for neurodegenerative diseases.

Original language	English
Pages (from-to)	40-49
Number of pages	10
Journal	Journal of Neuroimmunology
Volume	209
Issue number	1-2
DOIs	https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jneuroim.2009.01.020
State	Published - 30 Apr 2009

Bibliographical note

Funding Information:
This work was supported by a grant (2007) from the Korean Society of Ginseng funded by the Korea Ginseng Cooperation.

Keywords

Cytokine
Ginseng saponin
Microglia
Signaling pathway
iNOS

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10.1016/j.jneuroim.2009.01.020

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title = "Anti-inflammatory mechanism of ginseng saponins in activated microglia",

abstract = "In the present study, we investigated the effect of ginseng extract (KRG) and total saponins (GTS) on microglial activation. KRG and GTS inhibited LPS-induced expression of iNOS, MMP-9 and proinflammatory cytokines in microglial cells. Suppression of microglial activation by ginseng was also observed in the mouse brain inflamed by LPS. Furthermore, KRG and GTS significantly suppressed NF-κB and MAP kinase activities, which are upstream signaling molecules in inflammation. Among the individual ginsenosides tested, Rh2, Rh3 and compound K significantly inhibited LPS-induced iNOS and cytokine expressions. Therefore, the inhibition of microglial activation by ginseng saponins may a good potential therapeutic modality for neurodegenerative diseases.",

keywords = "Cytokine, Ginseng saponin, Microglia, Signaling pathway, iNOS",

author = "Park, \{Jin Sun\} and Park, \{Eun Mi\} and Kim, \{Dong Hyun\} and Kangsik Jung and Jung, \{Ji Sun\} and Lee, \{Eun Jung\} and Hyun, \{Jin Won\} and Kang, \{Jihee Lee\} and Kim, \{Hee Sun\}",

note = "Funding Information: This work was supported by a grant (2007) from the Korean Society of Ginseng funded by the Korea Ginseng Cooperation.",

year = "2009",

month = apr,

day = "30",

doi = "10.1016/j.jneuroim.2009.01.020",

language = "English",

volume = "209",

pages = "40--49",

journal = "Journal of Neuroimmunology",

issn = "0165-5728",

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AU - Park, Jin Sun

AU - Park, Eun Mi

AU - Kim, Dong Hyun

AU - Jung, Kangsik

AU - Jung, Ji Sun

AU - Lee, Eun Jung

AU - Hyun, Jin Won

AU - Kang, Jihee Lee

AU - Kim, Hee Sun

N1 - Funding Information: This work was supported by a grant (2007) from the Korean Society of Ginseng funded by the Korea Ginseng Cooperation.

PY - 2009/4/30

Y1 - 2009/4/30

N2 - In the present study, we investigated the effect of ginseng extract (KRG) and total saponins (GTS) on microglial activation. KRG and GTS inhibited LPS-induced expression of iNOS, MMP-9 and proinflammatory cytokines in microglial cells. Suppression of microglial activation by ginseng was also observed in the mouse brain inflamed by LPS. Furthermore, KRG and GTS significantly suppressed NF-κB and MAP kinase activities, which are upstream signaling molecules in inflammation. Among the individual ginsenosides tested, Rh2, Rh3 and compound K significantly inhibited LPS-induced iNOS and cytokine expressions. Therefore, the inhibition of microglial activation by ginseng saponins may a good potential therapeutic modality for neurodegenerative diseases.

AB - In the present study, we investigated the effect of ginseng extract (KRG) and total saponins (GTS) on microglial activation. KRG and GTS inhibited LPS-induced expression of iNOS, MMP-9 and proinflammatory cytokines in microglial cells. Suppression of microglial activation by ginseng was also observed in the mouse brain inflamed by LPS. Furthermore, KRG and GTS significantly suppressed NF-κB and MAP kinase activities, which are upstream signaling molecules in inflammation. Among the individual ginsenosides tested, Rh2, Rh3 and compound K significantly inhibited LPS-induced iNOS and cytokine expressions. Therefore, the inhibition of microglial activation by ginseng saponins may a good potential therapeutic modality for neurodegenerative diseases.

KW - Cytokine

KW - Ginseng saponin

KW - Microglia

KW - Signaling pathway

KW - iNOS

UR - https://www.scopus.com/pages/publications/64549126462

U2 - 10.1016/j.jneuroim.2009.01.020

DO - 10.1016/j.jneuroim.2009.01.020

M3 - Article

C2 - 19232442

AN - SCOPUS:64549126462

SN - 0165-5728

VL - 209

SP - 40

EP - 49

JO - Journal of Neuroimmunology

JF - Journal of Neuroimmunology

IS - 1-2

ER -

Anti-inflammatory mechanism of ginseng saponins in activated microglia

Abstract

Bibliographical note

Keywords

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