An Energy-Efficient Deep Convolutional Neural Network Inference Processor with Enhanced Output Stationary Dataflow in 65-nm CMOS

Jaehyeong Sim, Somin Lee, Lee Sup Kim

Research output: Contribution to journalArticlepeer-review

29 Scopus citations

Abstract

We propose a deep convolutional neural network (CNN) inference processor based on a novel enhanced output stationary (EOS) dataflow. Based on the observation that some activations are commonly used in two successive convolutions, the EOS dataflow employs dedicated register files (RFs) for storing such reused activation data to eliminate redundant memory accesses for highly energy-consuming SRAM banks. In addition, processing elements (PEs) are split into multiple small groups such that each group covers a tile of input activation map to increase the usability of activation RFs (ARFs). The processor has two different voltage/frequency domains. The computation domain with 512 PEs operates at near-threshold voltage (NTV) (0.4 V) and 60-MHz frequency to increase energy efficiency, while the rest of the processors including 848-KB SRAMs run at 0.7 V and 120-MHz frequency to increase both on-chip and off-chip memory bandwidths. The measurement results show that our processor is capable of running AlexNet at 831 GOPS/W, VGG-16 at 1151 GOPS/W, ResNet-18 at 1004 GOPS/W, and MobileNet at 948 GOPS/W energy efficiency.

Original languageEnglish
Article number8822636
Pages (from-to)87-100
Number of pages14
JournalIEEE Transactions on Very Large Scale Integration (VLSI) Systems
Volume28
Issue number1
DOIs
StatePublished - Jan 2020

Keywords

  • Convolutional neural network (CNN)
  • dataflow
  • deep learning
  • energy-efficient processor
  • near-threshold voltage (NTV)

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