TY - JOUR
T1 - Advances in DNA damage detection
T2 - Current progress, challenges, and future directions
AU - Kang, Heeseok
AU - Park, Hyung Joon
AU - Kang, Jieun
AU - Hwang, Yuna
AU - Lee, Yong Jin
AU - Park, Sang Uk
AU - Kim, Jeongkyu
AU - Lee, Kwan Hyi
AU - Jang, Sunbok
N1 - Publisher Copyright:
© 2025 The Authors
PY - 2025/8
Y1 - 2025/8
N2 - DNA is much continuously exposed to endogenous and exogenous agents that induce damage, potentially leading to genomic instability, disease development, and aging. Detecting DNA damage and understanding associated repair mechanisms are essential for advancing diagnostic techniques, biosensors, and therapeutic interventions. Since DNA damage varies, the desired measurement approach differs, highlighting the need for an unbiased exploration of DNA damage biomarkers, along with a critical analysis of various quantification methods. Therefore, this review aims to provide a comprehensive overview of current methodologies for measuring DNA damage, focusing on direct detection of DNA lesions and indirect measurement of repair enzymes. We discuss various analytical, biochemical, and imaging techniques, identify the limitations in existing technologies and suggest future directions. This review emphasizes the growing need for advanced tools to measure DNA damage, which is set to play a transformative role in early disease detection, optimizing treatments, and supporting safe human space exploration.
AB - DNA is much continuously exposed to endogenous and exogenous agents that induce damage, potentially leading to genomic instability, disease development, and aging. Detecting DNA damage and understanding associated repair mechanisms are essential for advancing diagnostic techniques, biosensors, and therapeutic interventions. Since DNA damage varies, the desired measurement approach differs, highlighting the need for an unbiased exploration of DNA damage biomarkers, along with a critical analysis of various quantification methods. Therefore, this review aims to provide a comprehensive overview of current methodologies for measuring DNA damage, focusing on direct detection of DNA lesions and indirect measurement of repair enzymes. We discuss various analytical, biochemical, and imaging techniques, identify the limitations in existing technologies and suggest future directions. This review emphasizes the growing need for advanced tools to measure DNA damage, which is set to play a transformative role in early disease detection, optimizing treatments, and supporting safe human space exploration.
KW - Biomarkers
KW - Biosensors
KW - DNA damage
KW - DNA repair
KW - Measurement techniques
KW - Personalized medicine
UR - https://www.scopus.com/pages/publications/105001476320
U2 - 10.1016/j.trac.2025.118246
DO - 10.1016/j.trac.2025.118246
M3 - Review article
AN - SCOPUS:105001476320
SN - 0165-9936
VL - 189
JO - TrAC - Trends in Analytical Chemistry
JF - TrAC - Trends in Analytical Chemistry
M1 - 118246
ER -
