Advancements and challenges in ceramic membranes incorporating two-dimensional nanomaterials for semiconductor wastewater treatment: A critical review

This paper provides a comprehensive review of ceramic membrane technology for treating wastewater from the semiconductor industry, with a focus on recent advancements in two-dimensional (2D) nanomaterials. While many previous studies have explored the use of 2D nanomaterials for gas separation on ceramic membranes, this review specifically addresses the suitability of 2D nanomaterials for harsh environmental conditions, such as those encountered in emerging industrial wastewater treatment. Nanomaterials such as graphene oxide, MXene, transition metal dichalcogenides, and hexagonal boron nitride have emerged as promising candidates for enhancing the performance of ceramic membranes in treating semiconductor wastewater containing various particulate, organic, and inorganic contaminants. This review examines the potential benefits and challenges of incorporating these nanomaterials into ceramic membranes, including their effects on membrane durability. Several studies have reported that these modified membranes offer greater stability compared to traditional polymeric membranes, such as polyvinylidene fluoride, with lower chemical release rates and reduced mechanical failures. Thus, the use of 2D nanomaterials to modify ceramic membranes represents an innovative and effective solution for treating various types of semiconductor wastewater, with significant implications for environmental protection and sustainable industrial development.