TY - JOUR
T1 - Addition of ethanol to supercritical carbon dioxide enhances the inactivation of bacterial spores in the biofilm of Bacillus cereus
AU - Park, Hyong Seok
AU - Choi, Hee Jung
AU - Kim, Myoung Dong
AU - Kim, Kyoung Heon
N1 - Funding Information:
This work was supported by grants from the Advanced Biomass R&D Center of Korea ( 2011-0031353 ) funded by the Korean Government (MEST) and from the financial support of the Ministry for Oceans and Fisheries ( 12128295500 ). A Korea University Grant for H. S. Park is also acknowledged. Experiments were carried out using the facilities of the Institute of Biomedical Science and Food Safety at the Food Safety Hall, Korea University.
PY - 2013/9/2
Y1 - 2013/9/2
N2 - Supercritical carbon dioxide (SC-CO2) was used to inactivate Bacillus cereus spores inside biofilms, which were grown on stainless steel. SC-CO2 treatment was tested using various conditions, such as pressure treatment (10-30MPa), temperature (35-60°C), and time (10-120min). B. cereus vegetative cells in the biofilm were completely inactivated by treatment with SC-CO2 at 10MPa and at 35°C for 5min. However, SC-CO2 alone did not inactivate spores in biofilm even after the treatment time was extended to 120min. When ethanol was used as a cosolvent with SC-CO2 in the SC-CO2 treatment using only 2-10ml of ethanol in 100ml of SC-CO2 vessel for 60-90min of treatment time at 10MPa and 60°C, B. cereus spores in the biofilm were found to be completely inactivated in the colony-forming test. We also assessed the viability of SC-CO2-treated bacterial spores and vegetative cells in the biofilm by staining with SYTO 9 and propidium iodide. The membrane integrity of the vegetative cells was completely lost, while the integrity of the membrane was still maintained in most spores. However, when SC-CO2 along with ethanol was used, both vegetative cells and spores lost their membrane integrity, indicating that the use of ethanol as a cosolvent with SC-CO2 is efficient in inactivating the bacterial spores in the biofilm.
AB - Supercritical carbon dioxide (SC-CO2) was used to inactivate Bacillus cereus spores inside biofilms, which were grown on stainless steel. SC-CO2 treatment was tested using various conditions, such as pressure treatment (10-30MPa), temperature (35-60°C), and time (10-120min). B. cereus vegetative cells in the biofilm were completely inactivated by treatment with SC-CO2 at 10MPa and at 35°C for 5min. However, SC-CO2 alone did not inactivate spores in biofilm even after the treatment time was extended to 120min. When ethanol was used as a cosolvent with SC-CO2 in the SC-CO2 treatment using only 2-10ml of ethanol in 100ml of SC-CO2 vessel for 60-90min of treatment time at 10MPa and 60°C, B. cereus spores in the biofilm were found to be completely inactivated in the colony-forming test. We also assessed the viability of SC-CO2-treated bacterial spores and vegetative cells in the biofilm by staining with SYTO 9 and propidium iodide. The membrane integrity of the vegetative cells was completely lost, while the integrity of the membrane was still maintained in most spores. However, when SC-CO2 along with ethanol was used, both vegetative cells and spores lost their membrane integrity, indicating that the use of ethanol as a cosolvent with SC-CO2 is efficient in inactivating the bacterial spores in the biofilm.
KW - Biofilm
KW - Cosolvent
KW - Spore
KW - Sterilization
KW - Supercritical carbon dioxide
UR - http://www.scopus.com/inward/record.url?scp=84882966088&partnerID=8YFLogxK
U2 - 10.1016/j.ijfoodmicro.2013.07.015
DO - 10.1016/j.ijfoodmicro.2013.07.015
M3 - Article
C2 - 23973829
AN - SCOPUS:84882966088
SN - 0168-1605
VL - 166
SP - 207
EP - 212
JO - International Journal of Food Microbiology
JF - International Journal of Food Microbiology
IS - 2
ER -