Active Dynamics Model with Asymmetric Energy Conversion Rate

We consider an energy depot model with an asymmetric energy conversion mechanism where the energy conversion rate depends not only on the particle’s speed but also on the particle’s direction of motion. The effects of the asymmetric energy conversion on the dynamics are examined, and the dynamic phase diagram is constructed in terms of the energy conversion apparatus and the external forces. We find a new dynamical state in the phase diagram as well as a discontinuous transition among the dynamical phases, which are absent in the symmetric active dynamics model. Moreover, we found a dynamical state with a negative energy conversion rate, which can be applied to the modeling of the energy storage from the work done by external forces as in chemisomosis.