@article{bfb9ce44119d4f51983c805911c64f4b,
title = "A two-step route to planar perovskite cells exhibiting reduced hysteresis",
abstract = "A simple two-step method was used to produce efficient planar organolead halide perovskite solar cells. Films produced using solely iodine containing precursors resulted in poor morphology and failed devices, whereas addition of chlorine to the process greatly improved morphology and resulted in dense, uniform perovskite films. This process was used to produce perovskite solar cells with a fullerene-based passivation layer. The hysteresis effect, to which planar perovskite devices are otherwise prone, was greatly suppressed through the use of this interface modifier. The combined techniques resulted in perovskite solar cells having a stable efficiency exceeding 11%. This straightforward fabrication procedure holds promise in development of various optoelectronic applications of planar perovskite films.",
author = "Ip, {Alexander H.} and Quan, {Li Na} and Adachi, {Michael M.} and McDowell, {Jeffrey J.} and Jixian Xu and Kim, {Dong Ha} and Sargent, {Edward H.}",
note = "Funding Information: This publication was based in part on work supported by Award KUS-11-009-21, made by King Abdullah University of Science and Technology (KAUST), by the Ontario Research Fund Research Excellence Program, and by the Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council (NSERC) of Canada. The authors thank A. J. Labelle, L. R. Rollny, A. K. Johnston, B. R. Sutherland, and O. Voznyy for their help throughout the course of this study. L. N. Quan and D. H. Kim acknowledge the financial support by National Research Foundation of Korea Grant funded by the Korean Government (2014R1A2A1A09005656). Publisher Copyright: {\textcopyright} 2015 AIP Publishing LLC.",
year = "2015",
month = apr,
day = "6",
doi = "10.1063/1.4917238",
language = "English",
volume = "106",
journal = "Applied Physics Letters",
issn = "0003-6951",
publisher = "American Institute of Physics",
number = "14",
}