A modified 2-D vernier time-to-digital converter using resettable T-latch

This paper presents a modified two-dimensional (2D) Vernier time-to-digital converter (TDC) utilizing a novel resettable T-latch circuit for the applications of LiDAR systems. By utilizing resettable T-latches, a narrow input pulse can be converted to a high-latched output which can be reset only when the rising edge of another input pulse is detected. The proposed 2D Vernier TDC was implemented in a 0.13-μm CMOS process, demonstrating correct 4-bit digital code outputs within 27-meter range with 0.15-mW power dissipation from a single 1.2-V supply. The chip core occupies the area of 0.6 x 0.25 mm².